Acquital (1)

Deciding Whether to Plead Guilty or Not Guilty

What Happens When You Plead Guilty

Pleading guilty means you accept responsibility for the offence. There’s no trial—your case moves straight to sentencing. That might be a fine, community order, or imprisonment depending on the offence’s seriousness.

The big trade-off:

Sentence reduction. You could get up to one-third off your sentence for an early guilty plea. The earlier it is entered, the bigger the discount. If you plead guilty only on the day of trial, reductions are as low as 10%.
Practical relief. Especially if you’re on remand, a guilty plea can mean immediate release based on time served. That has become more common as court delays force people to spend much longer behind bars unnecessarily.

But rushing to plead guilty can have deep consequences—emotionally, legally, and ethically.

What Happens When You Plead Not Guilty

Pleading not guilty means your case will go to trial, and the court must find you guilty beyond reasonable doubt.

The benefits:

Defending your innocence. If there’s a chance you didn’t commit the offence or have a defence, you can challenge evidence and push for acquittal.

The risks:

If convicted, you may face a harsher sentence than if you had pleaded guilty early, because you lose out on the reduction.
Court delays and uncertainty. Trials can be pushed back for months or years—delays that damage family life, stability, and mental health.

Real Pressures on the System

Lengthy trials, backlogs, and remand overcrowding have led many people—sometimes even innocent—to plead guilty just to escape prison. Some remand prisoners have been told they will be released immediately if they plead guilty, even if evidence is weak. This creates a system that unwittingly makes guilty pleas seem like the easiest path.

Can You Change Your Plea?

Yes—sometimes.

From Not Guilty to Guilty

Easy enough. You can change your plea to guilty at any point before the verdict. Judges typically allow it, and you may still receive some sentence reduction, depending on timing.

From Guilty to Not Guilty

This is harder—but possible in certain circumstances:

The court has judicial discretion to allow a plea withdrawal before sentencing, especially if:
- The plea was equivocal (uncertain, e.g., “Guilty, but…”)
- You can point to undue pressure or poor legal advice at the time
- There’s a serious procedural unfairness or new evidence emerges

However, the court treats such requests cautiously. The application must be made promptly and in writing, clearly explaining why keeping the guilty plea would be unjust. You’ll need legal support to make a strong case.

Compare Your Options

Plea	What It Means	Benefits	Risks
Guilty	Admit offence, go to sentencing	Sentence reduction; quicker release / lower punishment if not prison	Permanent record; loss of trial chance; emotional burden
Not Guilty	Contest the case, proceed to trial	Chance of acquittal; defend rights	Heavier sentence if convicted; long waits; uncertainty
Change Plea	Switch decisions based on counsel/advice	Flexibility if early	Hard to reverse plea; may need court’s say-so

Choosing your plea is one of the most serious decisions you’ll make in the process. It affects your freedom, your record, and your mental wellbeing—and indirectly affects your family and supporters too. You don’t have to face it alone. Getting specialist legal advice early is vital—they can help you understand your odds, the evidence, and what life on remand could look like while you’re waiting.

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Barristers (7)

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Are there options when it comes to sentencing?

Categories: Barristers Community Sentences Court Fines Prison Probation Solicitors Trial

Sentencing Options Explained

Why Sentencing Happens

If you plead guilty or are found guilty after trial, the court has to decide what happens next. Sentencing isn’t just about punishment — it also aims to protect the public, rehabilitate offenders, and deter future offending.

Sentences can feel complex, but in most cases, they fall into one of a few main categories. Knowing the basics can make things clearer for you and your family.

Discharge — No Punishment, But Still a Record

Absolute Discharge:

The court decides no punishment is needed.
Rare, but can happen for very minor offences or where blame is minimal.

Conditional Discharge:

No immediate punishment if you stay out of trouble for a set period (up to 3 years).
If you commit another offence during that time, you can be sentenced for both.

Fines

Fines are common for minor offences, especially in Magistrates’ Court.
The amount depends on the seriousness of the offence and your ability to pay.
The court can set payment plans if you can’t afford the full amount up front.
Not paying fines can lead to enforcement action — even prison in extreme cases.

Community Orders

Community orders are designed to punish but also rehabilitate. The court can impose one or more “requirements,” such as:

Unpaid Work (Community Service) — typically 40 to 300 hours, supervised.
Rehabilitation Activity Requirements (RARs) — meetings, courses, or therapy aimed at addressing offending behaviour.
Curfews / Electronic Tags — you may have to stay at home during certain hours.
Exclusion Zones — banning you from certain places.
Drug or Alcohol Treatment — compulsory testing or programmes if relevant.

Failing to comply can lead to harsher penalties, including custody.

Suspended Sentences

This is where the court imposes a prison sentence but “suspends” it for a set period (up to 2 years).

You don’t go to prison straight away, but you must comply with conditions (like attending appointments, doing unpaid work, or following curfews).
If you commit another offence or breach the order, the sentence can be “activated” — meaning you serve the original prison time plus anything for the new offence.
A suspended sentence is still a criminal conviction and will show on a DBS check.

Immediate Custody (Prison Sentences)

If the court decides your offence is so serious that only prison is appropriate, you’ll be sentenced to custody.

How it works in England & Wales:

Sentence length: Depends on the seriousness of the offence and your previous record.
Automatic release:
- Sentences under 12 months → Usually serve half in prison, the rest on licence in the community.
- Sentences 12 months or longer → Usually serve half to two-thirds in custody, depending on offence type.
- Extended sentences → For some violent or sexual offences, you may serve more in prison before release.
Life sentences & IPPs: Special rules apply, and parole decisions are involved.

Even after release, you’ll normally remain on licence — meaning probation supervises you and you must follow strict rules.

Young People (Under 18)

Sentences for young people are different and aim more at rehabilitation. Options include:

Referral Orders — meeting with a youth offender panel to agree on a rehabilitation plan.
Youth Rehabilitation Orders (YROs) — the youth equivalent of community orders, with tailored conditions.
Detention & Training Orders (DTOs) — a mix of custody and supervised release.

Victim Surcharges, Costs & Compensation

Whatever sentence you receive, the court may also order:

A Victim Surcharge — a set amount based on your sentence, used to fund victim services.
Prosecution Costs — contributing towards the CPS’s costs.
Compensation Orders — paying money directly to victims.

These are in addition to any fines or other penalties.

How Courts Decide: Sentencing Guidelines

Judges and magistrates follow official Sentencing Council guidelines. They look at:

The seriousness of the offence.
Any aggravating factors (weapons, repeat offending, targeting vulnerable victims).
Any mitigating factors (genuine remorse, previous good character, mental health issues).
Whether you pleaded guilty early.

Every case is different, but these rules keep sentences broadly consistent across England and Wales.

Practical Tips for Defendants & Families

Ask your solicitor to explain likely sentencing ranges before trial or plea.
If you’re worried about custody, ask about pre-sentence reports — these can influence whether you get community-based options.
Make arrangements for children, pets, bills, and work before sentencing day if there’s a chance of custody.
If you get a community or suspended sentence, stick to the conditions — breaching them makes things much worse.

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Choosing A Solicitor – How do I choose a solicitor?

Categories: Barristers Case Preperation Court Police Solicitors The Arrest

Legal Aid vs Private Solicitors: Pros, Cons & Pitfalls

Legal Aid: What You Need to Know

What it covers: Legal aid in criminal cases is intended to ensure that people who can’t afford representation still have access to legal advice and defence—crucial under Article 6 of the ECHR, which guarantees a fair trial.

It’s administered by the Legal Aid Agency (LAA), and can cover work by both solicitors and barristers.

Qualification is based on two tests:

Interests of Justice (IoJ) — ensures legal aid is available if your case could result in a custodial sentence, is serious, or other factors that mean fair representation is needed.
Means Test — based on your income, capital, and household circumstances. The figures differ depending on whether it’s Magistrates’ Court or Crown Court.

Quick thresholds:

Magistrates’ Court: Your gross income must usually be under £22,325. If your disposable income (after allowable deductions) is under £3,398, you qualify. Above that, you may have to pay for your defence yourself, unless you pass a hardship review.
Crown Court: Broadly, if your disposable annual income is under £37,500, you remain eligible. If it’s very low, you won’t have to contribute at all.

Passporting benefits: You automatically get legal aid if you’re under 18 or on certain benefits like Universal Credit, Income Support, JSA, ESA, or Pension Guarantee Credit.

Pros of Legal Aid:

Low or no cost for those eligible.
Access to trained and accredited solicitors and counsel.
Formal funding structure and standards in place.

Cons:

Strict eligibility— some are excluded due to financial cut-offs especially in the magistrates court.
The means test hasn’t kept pace with inflation, cutting more people off.
Fewer legal aid providers in some areas, and low fees can drive lawyers away from taking cases.

Private Solicitors: What to Consider

Pros of hiring privately:

More solicitor choice and flexibility.
Often more time and tailored attention, especially for complex cases.

Cons to watch out for:

Cost can be very high—some private criminal defence can cost thousands.
Without proper checks, poor service or overcharging is possible. There was the Glanville Davies case, where a solicitor was fined thousands for inflated fees and misconduct.

How Legal Aid Actually Works — In Practice

The LAA processes most criminal legal aid applications within 2 days.
During the application, your income, savings, savings from benefits, you and your partner’s situation, plus any children or dependents, are factored in.
If you don’t qualify, you can request a hardship review—they may reconsider based on essential expenses or costs of the case.
Certain areas, like advice at the police station or child protection cases, may be non-means tested—meaning legal aid is available regardless of income.

Spotting a Poor or Ineffective Solicitor

Your solicitor should help you feel informed, stretched if needed, and confident. But poor representation can mean actual consequences—even wrongful convictions.

Signs of inadequate representation:

Poor preparation or missing key witnesses (e.g., a solicitor failing to instruct a crucial alibi witness led to a CCRC referral and overturned conviction).
Late notice to counsel, insufficient pre-trial work, or failure to review police evidence properly.
If a solicitor ignores core issues or doesn’t explain your options.

Legally, to overturn a conviction, you must prove:

The performance was deficient (seriously below standard), and
This directly caused a miscarriage of justice.

It’s rare for poor representation alone to succeed as a ground for appeal unless it fundamentally undermined the trial’s fairness

If you need some help identifying solicitors that can help then contact us below.

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Deciding Whether to Plead Guilty or Not Guilty

Categories: Acquital Barristers Case Preperation Court Solicitors Trial

What Happens When You Plead Guilty

Pleading guilty means you accept responsibility for the offence. There’s no trial—your case moves straight to sentencing. That might be a fine, community order, or imprisonment depending on the offence’s seriousness.

The big trade-off:

Sentence reduction. You could get up to one-third off your sentence for an early guilty plea. The earlier it is entered, the bigger the discount. If you plead guilty only on the day of trial, reductions are as low as 10%.
Practical relief. Especially if you’re on remand, a guilty plea can mean immediate release based on time served. That has become more common as court delays force people to spend much longer behind bars unnecessarily.

But rushing to plead guilty can have deep consequences—emotionally, legally, and ethically.

What Happens When You Plead Not Guilty

Pleading not guilty means your case will go to trial, and the court must find you guilty beyond reasonable doubt.

The benefits:

Defending your innocence. If there’s a chance you didn’t commit the offence or have a defence, you can challenge evidence and push for acquittal.

The risks:

If convicted, you may face a harsher sentence than if you had pleaded guilty early, because you lose out on the reduction.
Court delays and uncertainty. Trials can be pushed back for months or years—delays that damage family life, stability, and mental health.

Real Pressures on the System

Lengthy trials, backlogs, and remand overcrowding have led many people—sometimes even innocent—to plead guilty just to escape prison. Some remand prisoners have been told they will be released immediately if they plead guilty, even if evidence is weak. This creates a system that unwittingly makes guilty pleas seem like the easiest path.

Can You Change Your Plea?

Yes—sometimes.

From Not Guilty to Guilty

Easy enough. You can change your plea to guilty at any point before the verdict. Judges typically allow it, and you may still receive some sentence reduction, depending on timing.

From Guilty to Not Guilty

This is harder—but possible in certain circumstances:

The court has judicial discretion to allow a plea withdrawal before sentencing, especially if:
- The plea was equivocal (uncertain, e.g., “Guilty, but…”)
- You can point to undue pressure or poor legal advice at the time
- There’s a serious procedural unfairness or new evidence emerges

However, the court treats such requests cautiously. The application must be made promptly and in writing, clearly explaining why keeping the guilty plea would be unjust. You’ll need legal support to make a strong case.

Compare Your Options

Plea	What It Means	Benefits	Risks
Guilty	Admit offence, go to sentencing	Sentence reduction; quicker release / lower punishment if not prison	Permanent record; loss of trial chance; emotional burden
Not Guilty	Contest the case, proceed to trial	Chance of acquittal; defend rights	Heavier sentence if convicted; long waits; uncertainty
Change Plea	Switch decisions based on counsel/advice	Flexibility if early	Hard to reverse plea; may need court’s say-so

Choosing your plea is one of the most serious decisions you’ll make in the process. It affects your freedom, your record, and your mental wellbeing—and indirectly affects your family and supporters too. You don’t have to face it alone. Getting specialist legal advice early is vital—they can help you understand your odds, the evidence, and what life on remand could look like while you’re waiting.

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How do I prepare for my trial at court?

Categories: Barristers Case Preperation Court Solicitors Support Trial Well Being

Why Preparation Matters

Facing trial is daunting. It can feel like your whole life is on hold while everyone else decides what happens next. While your legal team handles the paperwork, evidence, and arguments, there’s still plenty you can do to stay informed, organised, and ready.

Preparation isn’t about replacing your solicitor — it’s about making sure you understand what’s happening, know what’s coming next, and can support your defence in the best way possible.

Understanding What’s Ahead

Your trial will follow a structure, and knowing the basics helps reduce some of the fear:

The prosecution will present their case first.
Your defence team will challenge their evidence and present yours.
Witnesses may be called and cross-examined.
The magistrates or jury will decide if you’re guilty or not guilty.

Your solicitor or barrister will explain the details relevant to your case, but having a rough idea of the process can make things less overwhelming.

What You Can Do to Prepare

1. Stay Organised

Keep every document you receive — charge sheets, bail conditions, letters from your solicitor or the court.
Use a simple folder or binder and keep copies of everything in order.
Make a note of important dates, deadlines, and hearing times.

Even small slips — like missing a court date — can cause serious problems, so staying organised really helps.

2. Be Honest and Thorough with Your Legal Team

Your solicitor can only build a strong defence if they know everything. Even if something feels embarrassing, irrelevant, or damaging, tell them. Surprises in court rarely go well, and your team can’t defend what they don’t know about.

3. Think About Witnesses and Evidence

You don’t have to collect statements or prepare bundles — your legal team will handle that — but you can:

Make a list of anyone who was there, saw, or heard something relevant.
Pass on names, phone numbers, and what they might know to your solicitor.
Flag any texts, emails, or social media messages you think matter. Don’t delete anything.

Your job isn’t to analyse evidence; it’s to make sure your solicitor has all the information they need.

4. Prepare Yourself Mentally

Trials can be draining. The process is slow, the days are long, and you’ll likely hear things said about you that are upsetting or unfair.

Get plenty of rest beforehand if you can.
Bring water and snacks if allowed — trials can run all day.
Have someone you trust to talk to afterwards — family, friends, or a support group.
Consider accessing mental health support; the stress of waiting can take a real toll.

5. Support Your Family and Let Them Support You

If you have children, a partner, or family relying on you, talk to them early about what’s coming. Trials affect everyone — not just the defendant — and having a plan for childcare, bills, and emotional support can make a big difference.

Common Worries — And What to Do About Them

“I feel like I’m not getting updates.”
It’s okay to check in with your solicitor and ask for a clear breakdown of where things stand.

“I don’t understand what’s happening in court.”
Ask your legal team to explain things in plain English. They’re used to jargon — you’re not.

“I’m worried about what to say if I’m called to give evidence.”
Your solicitor or barrister will explain exactly what’s expected and prepare you before you step into the witness box.

Quick Checklist for Defendants

Keep all paperwork safe and organised.
Share every detail and document with your solicitor.
Write down witness names and pass them on — don’t contact witnesses yourself.
Note down all court dates and deadlines.
Prepare emotionally — trials can be long and stressful.
Talk openly with family and supporters.
Ask questions until you understand what’s happening.

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Legal Representation – Does legal representation matter?

Categories: Barristers Investigations Solicitors The Arrest

Why Legal Representation Matters

Being arrested, questioned, or charged can feel overwhelming, and the choices you make early on can have lasting consequences. Having the right legal representation ensures your rights are protected and that you receive the strongest advice at every stage of the process.

A good solicitor will guide you through what’s happening, explain your options clearly, and make sure the police and prosecution follow proper procedure. Without specialist advice, people often make avoidable mistakes — especially in interviews or when making key decisions.

Free Legal Advice at the Police Station

Everyone in England and Wales has the right to free legal advice at the police station. This applies whether you’ve been arrested or are attending voluntarily. You should always ask for a solicitor before answering questions.

If you haven’t arranged your own, the police will provide access to a duty solicitor at no cost. They are independent of the police and there to protect your rights. However, duty solicitors often cover several clients at once and may only become involved just before your interview.

For many people, arranging your own solicitor provides more continuity, personal attention, and the chance to work with someone who already knows your case from the outset.

After Being Charged

If you’re charged with an offence, you’ll usually have access to means‑tested legal aid. This applies whether your case goes to the Magistrates’ Court or the Crown Court.

Even if you qualify for legal aid, you are not limited to the solicitor provided by the duty rota — you can choose your own representation. Some people still choose to fund representation privately at this stage because it can provide additional flexibility, resources, and faster access to senior lawyers or barristers.

Benefits of Private Representation

Private legal representation isn’t necessary for everyone, but it can offer several advantages, particularly in complex or serious cases:

Time and Focus – Privately funded solicitors often manage smaller caseloads, meaning more time is available to focus on your case.
Choice of Representation – You can choose a solicitor or firm with proven expertise in cases like yours rather than relying on whoever is available on the day.
Continuity – You’re more likely to have the same solicitor involved throughout the process, from initial advice to trial preparation.
Access to Expertise – Private funding gives greater flexibility to instruct highly experienced barristers, independent experts, and investigators where needed.
Responsive Support – Without the constraints of legal aid budgets, private solicitors can often act more quickly when new developments arise.

Choosing the Right Solicitor

Selecting the right solicitor is one of the most important decisions you’ll make. When deciding who to instruct, consider:

Specialism – Do they focus on criminal defence work?
Experience – Have they handled cases similar to yours?
Reputation – Are they known for being thorough, proactive, and approachable?
Resources – Do they have access to skilled barristers, experts, and investigators if your case needs them?

At The CJS Hub, we work alongside reputable firms who understand the complexities of the criminal justice system and provide high‑quality representation when it matters most.

Key Takeaways

Always ask for a solicitor as soon as possible — ideally before answering any police questions.
Free legal advice is available to everyone at the police station, regardless of your financial situation.
After being charged, legal aid may be available, but you can still choose your own solicitor.
Private representation can offer added focus, faster response times, and more flexibility — particularly useful for complex or high‑stakes cases.
Choosing a solicitor with the right experience and resources can make a significant difference to how your case is handled.

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Legal Representation – Why having a solicitor matters!

Categories: Barristers Solicitors

Being arrested, questioned, or charged can feel overwhelming, and the choices you make early on can have lasting consequences. Having the right legal representation ensures your rights are protected and that you receive the strongest advice at every stage of the process.

A good solicitor will guide you through what’s happening, explain your options clearly, and make sure the police and prosecution follow proper procedure. Without specialist advice, people often make avoidable mistakes — especially in interviews or when making key decisions.

Free Legal Advice at the Police Station

Everyone in England and Wales has the right to free legal advice at the police station. This applies whether you’ve been arrested or are attending voluntarily. You should always ask for a solicitor before answering questions.

If you haven’t arranged your own, the police will provide access to a duty solicitor at no cost. They are independent of the police and there to protect your rights. However, duty solicitors often cover several clients at once and may only become involved just before your interview.

For many people, arranging your own solicitor provides more continuity, personal attention, and the chance to work with someone who already knows your case from the outset.

After Being Charged

If you’re charged with an offence, you’ll usually have access to means‑tested legal aid. This applies whether your case goes to the Magistrates’ Court or the Crown Court.

Even if you qualify for legal aid, you are not limited to the solicitor provided by the duty rota — you can choose your own representation. Some people still choose to fund representation privately at this stage because it can provide additional flexibility, resources, and faster access to senior lawyers or barristers.

Benefits of Private Representation

Private legal representation isn’t necessary for everyone, but it can offer several advantages, particularly in complex or serious cases:

Time and Focus – Privately funded solicitors often manage smaller caseloads, meaning more time is available to focus on your case.
Choice of Representation – You can choose a solicitor or firm with proven expertise in cases like yours rather than relying on whoever is available on the day.
Continuity – You’re more likely to have the same solicitor involved throughout the process, from initial advice to trial preparation.
Access to Expertise – Private funding gives greater flexibility to instruct highly experienced barristers, independent experts, and investigators where needed.
Responsive Support – Without the constraints of legal aid budgets, private solicitors can often act more quickly when new developments arise.

Choosing the Right Solicitor

Selecting the right solicitor is one of the most important decisions you’ll make. When deciding who to instruct, consider:

Specialism – Do they focus on criminal defence work?
Experience – Have they handled cases similar to yours?
Reputation – Are they known for being thorough, proactive, and approachable?
Resources – Do they have access to skilled barristers, experts, and investigators if your case needs them?

At The CJS Hub, we work alongside reputable firms who understand the complexities of the criminal justice system and provide high‑quality representation when it matters most.

Key Takeaways

Always ask for a solicitor as soon as possible — ideally before answering any police questions.
Free legal advice is available to everyone at the police station, regardless of your financial situation.
After being charged, legal aid may be available, but you can still choose your own solicitor.
Private representation can offer added focus, faster response times, and more flexibility — particularly useful for complex or high‑stakes cases.
Choosing a solicitor with the right experience and resources can make a significant difference to how your case is handled.

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Legal Representation – Why Legal Representation Matters

Categories: Barristers Case Preperation Investigations Solicitors The Arrest Trial

Why Legal Representation Matters

Being arrested, questioned, or charged can feel overwhelming, and the choices you make early on can have lasting consequences. Having the right legal representation ensures your rights are protected and that you receive the strongest advice at every stage of the process.

A good solicitor will guide you through what’s happening, explain your options clearly, and make sure the police and prosecution follow proper procedure. Without specialist advice, people often make avoidable mistakes — especially in interviews or when making key decisions.

Free Legal Advice at the Police Station

Everyone in England and Wales has the right to free legal advice at the police station. This applies whether you’ve been arrested or are attending voluntarily. You should always ask for a solicitor before answering questions.

If you haven’t arranged your own, the police will provide access to a duty solicitor at no cost. They are independent of the police and there to protect your rights. However, duty solicitors often cover several clients at once and may only become involved just before your interview.

For many people, arranging your own solicitor provides more continuity, personal attention, and the chance to work with someone who already knows your case from the outset.

After Being Charged

If you’re charged with an offence, you’ll usually have access to means‑tested legal aid. This applies whether your case goes to the Magistrates’ Court or the Crown Court.

Even if you qualify for legal aid, you are not limited to the solicitor provided by the duty rota — you can choose your own representation. Some people still choose to fund representation privately at this stage because it can provide additional flexibility, resources, and faster access to senior lawyers or barristers.

Benefits of Private Representation

Private legal representation isn’t necessary for everyone, but it can offer several advantages, particularly in complex or serious cases:

Time and Focus – Privately funded solicitors often manage smaller caseloads, meaning more time is available to focus on your case.
Choice of Representation – You can choose a solicitor or firm with proven expertise in cases like yours rather than relying on whoever is available on the day.
Continuity – You’re more likely to have the same solicitor involved throughout the process, from initial advice to trial preparation.
Access to Expertise – Private funding gives greater flexibility to instruct highly experienced barristers, independent experts, and investigators where needed.
Responsive Support – Without the constraints of legal aid budgets, private solicitors can often act more quickly when new developments arise.

Choosing the Right Solicitor

Selecting the right solicitor is one of the most important decisions you’ll make. When deciding who to instruct, consider:

Specialism – Do they focus on criminal defence work?
Experience – Have they handled cases similar to yours?
Reputation – Are they known for being thorough, proactive, and approachable?
Resources – Do they have access to skilled barristers, experts, and investigators if your case needs them?

At The CJS Hub, we work alongside reputable firms who understand the complexities of the criminal justice system and provide high‑quality representation when it matters most.

Key Takeaways

Always ask for a solicitor as soon as possible — ideally before answering any police questions.
Free legal advice is available to everyone at the police station, regardless of your financial situation.
After being charged, legal aid may be available, but you can still choose your own solicitor.
Private representation can offer added focus, faster response times, and more flexibility — particularly useful for complex or high‑stakes cases.
Choosing a solicitor with the right experience and resources can make a significant difference to how your case is handled.

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Case Preperation (4)

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Choosing A Solicitor – How do I choose a solicitor?

Categories: Barristers Case Preperation Court Police Solicitors The Arrest

Legal Aid vs Private Solicitors: Pros, Cons & Pitfalls

Legal Aid: What You Need to Know

What it covers: Legal aid in criminal cases is intended to ensure that people who can’t afford representation still have access to legal advice and defence—crucial under Article 6 of the ECHR, which guarantees a fair trial.

It’s administered by the Legal Aid Agency (LAA), and can cover work by both solicitors and barristers.

Qualification is based on two tests:

Interests of Justice (IoJ) — ensures legal aid is available if your case could result in a custodial sentence, is serious, or other factors that mean fair representation is needed.
Means Test — based on your income, capital, and household circumstances. The figures differ depending on whether it’s Magistrates’ Court or Crown Court.

Quick thresholds:

Magistrates’ Court: Your gross income must usually be under £22,325. If your disposable income (after allowable deductions) is under £3,398, you qualify. Above that, you may have to pay for your defence yourself, unless you pass a hardship review.
Crown Court: Broadly, if your disposable annual income is under £37,500, you remain eligible. If it’s very low, you won’t have to contribute at all.

Passporting benefits: You automatically get legal aid if you’re under 18 or on certain benefits like Universal Credit, Income Support, JSA, ESA, or Pension Guarantee Credit.

Pros of Legal Aid:

Low or no cost for those eligible.
Access to trained and accredited solicitors and counsel.
Formal funding structure and standards in place.

Cons:

Strict eligibility— some are excluded due to financial cut-offs especially in the magistrates court.
The means test hasn’t kept pace with inflation, cutting more people off.
Fewer legal aid providers in some areas, and low fees can drive lawyers away from taking cases.

Private Solicitors: What to Consider

Pros of hiring privately:

More solicitor choice and flexibility.
Often more time and tailored attention, especially for complex cases.

Cons to watch out for:

Cost can be very high—some private criminal defence can cost thousands.
Without proper checks, poor service or overcharging is possible. There was the Glanville Davies case, where a solicitor was fined thousands for inflated fees and misconduct.

How Legal Aid Actually Works — In Practice

The LAA processes most criminal legal aid applications within 2 days.
During the application, your income, savings, savings from benefits, you and your partner’s situation, plus any children or dependents, are factored in.
If you don’t qualify, you can request a hardship review—they may reconsider based on essential expenses or costs of the case.
Certain areas, like advice at the police station or child protection cases, may be non-means tested—meaning legal aid is available regardless of income.

Spotting a Poor or Ineffective Solicitor

Your solicitor should help you feel informed, stretched if needed, and confident. But poor representation can mean actual consequences—even wrongful convictions.

Signs of inadequate representation:

Poor preparation or missing key witnesses (e.g., a solicitor failing to instruct a crucial alibi witness led to a CCRC referral and overturned conviction).
Late notice to counsel, insufficient pre-trial work, or failure to review police evidence properly.
If a solicitor ignores core issues or doesn’t explain your options.

Legally, to overturn a conviction, you must prove:

The performance was deficient (seriously below standard), and
This directly caused a miscarriage of justice.

It’s rare for poor representation alone to succeed as a ground for appeal unless it fundamentally undermined the trial’s fairness

If you need some help identifying solicitors that can help then contact us below.

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Deciding Whether to Plead Guilty or Not Guilty

Categories: Acquital Barristers Case Preperation Court Solicitors Trial

What Happens When You Plead Guilty

Pleading guilty means you accept responsibility for the offence. There’s no trial—your case moves straight to sentencing. That might be a fine, community order, or imprisonment depending on the offence’s seriousness.

The big trade-off:

Sentence reduction. You could get up to one-third off your sentence for an early guilty plea. The earlier it is entered, the bigger the discount. If you plead guilty only on the day of trial, reductions are as low as 10%.
Practical relief. Especially if you’re on remand, a guilty plea can mean immediate release based on time served. That has become more common as court delays force people to spend much longer behind bars unnecessarily.

But rushing to plead guilty can have deep consequences—emotionally, legally, and ethically.

What Happens When You Plead Not Guilty

Pleading not guilty means your case will go to trial, and the court must find you guilty beyond reasonable doubt.

The benefits:

Defending your innocence. If there’s a chance you didn’t commit the offence or have a defence, you can challenge evidence and push for acquittal.

The risks:

If convicted, you may face a harsher sentence than if you had pleaded guilty early, because you lose out on the reduction.
Court delays and uncertainty. Trials can be pushed back for months or years—delays that damage family life, stability, and mental health.

Real Pressures on the System

Lengthy trials, backlogs, and remand overcrowding have led many people—sometimes even innocent—to plead guilty just to escape prison. Some remand prisoners have been told they will be released immediately if they plead guilty, even if evidence is weak. This creates a system that unwittingly makes guilty pleas seem like the easiest path.

Can You Change Your Plea?

Yes—sometimes.

From Not Guilty to Guilty

Easy enough. You can change your plea to guilty at any point before the verdict. Judges typically allow it, and you may still receive some sentence reduction, depending on timing.

From Guilty to Not Guilty

This is harder—but possible in certain circumstances:

The court has judicial discretion to allow a plea withdrawal before sentencing, especially if:
- The plea was equivocal (uncertain, e.g., “Guilty, but…”)
- You can point to undue pressure or poor legal advice at the time
- There’s a serious procedural unfairness or new evidence emerges

However, the court treats such requests cautiously. The application must be made promptly and in writing, clearly explaining why keeping the guilty plea would be unjust. You’ll need legal support to make a strong case.

Compare Your Options

Plea	What It Means	Benefits	Risks
Guilty	Admit offence, go to sentencing	Sentence reduction; quicker release / lower punishment if not prison	Permanent record; loss of trial chance; emotional burden
Not Guilty	Contest the case, proceed to trial	Chance of acquittal; defend rights	Heavier sentence if convicted; long waits; uncertainty
Change Plea	Switch decisions based on counsel/advice	Flexibility if early	Hard to reverse plea; may need court’s say-so

Choosing your plea is one of the most serious decisions you’ll make in the process. It affects your freedom, your record, and your mental wellbeing—and indirectly affects your family and supporters too. You don’t have to face it alone. Getting specialist legal advice early is vital—they can help you understand your odds, the evidence, and what life on remand could look like while you’re waiting.

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How do I prepare for my trial at court?

Categories: Barristers Case Preperation Court Solicitors Support Trial Well Being

Why Preparation Matters

Facing trial is daunting. It can feel like your whole life is on hold while everyone else decides what happens next. While your legal team handles the paperwork, evidence, and arguments, there’s still plenty you can do to stay informed, organised, and ready.

Preparation isn’t about replacing your solicitor — it’s about making sure you understand what’s happening, know what’s coming next, and can support your defence in the best way possible.

Understanding What’s Ahead

Your trial will follow a structure, and knowing the basics helps reduce some of the fear:

The prosecution will present their case first.
Your defence team will challenge their evidence and present yours.
Witnesses may be called and cross-examined.
The magistrates or jury will decide if you’re guilty or not guilty.

Your solicitor or barrister will explain the details relevant to your case, but having a rough idea of the process can make things less overwhelming.

What You Can Do to Prepare

1. Stay Organised

Keep every document you receive — charge sheets, bail conditions, letters from your solicitor or the court.
Use a simple folder or binder and keep copies of everything in order.
Make a note of important dates, deadlines, and hearing times.

Even small slips — like missing a court date — can cause serious problems, so staying organised really helps.

2. Be Honest and Thorough with Your Legal Team

Your solicitor can only build a strong defence if they know everything. Even if something feels embarrassing, irrelevant, or damaging, tell them. Surprises in court rarely go well, and your team can’t defend what they don’t know about.

3. Think About Witnesses and Evidence

You don’t have to collect statements or prepare bundles — your legal team will handle that — but you can:

Make a list of anyone who was there, saw, or heard something relevant.
Pass on names, phone numbers, and what they might know to your solicitor.
Flag any texts, emails, or social media messages you think matter. Don’t delete anything.

Your job isn’t to analyse evidence; it’s to make sure your solicitor has all the information they need.

4. Prepare Yourself Mentally

Trials can be draining. The process is slow, the days are long, and you’ll likely hear things said about you that are upsetting or unfair.

Get plenty of rest beforehand if you can.
Bring water and snacks if allowed — trials can run all day.
Have someone you trust to talk to afterwards — family, friends, or a support group.
Consider accessing mental health support; the stress of waiting can take a real toll.

5. Support Your Family and Let Them Support You

If you have children, a partner, or family relying on you, talk to them early about what’s coming. Trials affect everyone — not just the defendant — and having a plan for childcare, bills, and emotional support can make a big difference.

Common Worries — And What to Do About Them

“I feel like I’m not getting updates.”
It’s okay to check in with your solicitor and ask for a clear breakdown of where things stand.

“I don’t understand what’s happening in court.”
Ask your legal team to explain things in plain English. They’re used to jargon — you’re not.

“I’m worried about what to say if I’m called to give evidence.”
Your solicitor or barrister will explain exactly what’s expected and prepare you before you step into the witness box.

Quick Checklist for Defendants

Keep all paperwork safe and organised.
Share every detail and document with your solicitor.
Write down witness names and pass them on — don’t contact witnesses yourself.
Note down all court dates and deadlines.
Prepare emotionally — trials can be long and stressful.
Talk openly with family and supporters.
Ask questions until you understand what’s happening.

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Legal Representation – Why Legal Representation Matters

Categories: Barristers Case Preperation Investigations Solicitors The Arrest Trial

Why Legal Representation Matters

Being arrested, questioned, or charged can feel overwhelming, and the choices you make early on can have lasting consequences. Having the right legal representation ensures your rights are protected and that you receive the strongest advice at every stage of the process.

A good solicitor will guide you through what’s happening, explain your options clearly, and make sure the police and prosecution follow proper procedure. Without specialist advice, people often make avoidable mistakes — especially in interviews or when making key decisions.

Free Legal Advice at the Police Station

Everyone in England and Wales has the right to free legal advice at the police station. This applies whether you’ve been arrested or are attending voluntarily. You should always ask for a solicitor before answering questions.

If you haven’t arranged your own, the police will provide access to a duty solicitor at no cost. They are independent of the police and there to protect your rights. However, duty solicitors often cover several clients at once and may only become involved just before your interview.

For many people, arranging your own solicitor provides more continuity, personal attention, and the chance to work with someone who already knows your case from the outset.

After Being Charged

If you’re charged with an offence, you’ll usually have access to means‑tested legal aid. This applies whether your case goes to the Magistrates’ Court or the Crown Court.

Even if you qualify for legal aid, you are not limited to the solicitor provided by the duty rota — you can choose your own representation. Some people still choose to fund representation privately at this stage because it can provide additional flexibility, resources, and faster access to senior lawyers or barristers.

Benefits of Private Representation

Private legal representation isn’t necessary for everyone, but it can offer several advantages, particularly in complex or serious cases:

Time and Focus – Privately funded solicitors often manage smaller caseloads, meaning more time is available to focus on your case.
Choice of Representation – You can choose a solicitor or firm with proven expertise in cases like yours rather than relying on whoever is available on the day.
Continuity – You’re more likely to have the same solicitor involved throughout the process, from initial advice to trial preparation.
Access to Expertise – Private funding gives greater flexibility to instruct highly experienced barristers, independent experts, and investigators where needed.
Responsive Support – Without the constraints of legal aid budgets, private solicitors can often act more quickly when new developments arise.

Choosing the Right Solicitor

Selecting the right solicitor is one of the most important decisions you’ll make. When deciding who to instruct, consider:

Specialism – Do they focus on criminal defence work?
Experience – Have they handled cases similar to yours?
Reputation – Are they known for being thorough, proactive, and approachable?
Resources – Do they have access to skilled barristers, experts, and investigators if your case needs them?

At The CJS Hub, we work alongside reputable firms who understand the complexities of the criminal justice system and provide high‑quality representation when it matters most.

Key Takeaways

Always ask for a solicitor as soon as possible — ideally before answering any police questions.
Free legal advice is available to everyone at the police station, regardless of your financial situation.
After being charged, legal aid may be available, but you can still choose your own solicitor.
Private representation can offer added focus, faster response times, and more flexibility — particularly useful for complex or high‑stakes cases.
Choosing a solicitor with the right experience and resources can make a significant difference to how your case is handled.

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Community Sentences (1)

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Are there options when it comes to sentencing?

Categories: Barristers Community Sentences Court Fines Prison Probation Solicitors Trial

Sentencing Options Explained

Why Sentencing Happens

If you plead guilty or are found guilty after trial, the court has to decide what happens next. Sentencing isn’t just about punishment — it also aims to protect the public, rehabilitate offenders, and deter future offending.

Sentences can feel complex, but in most cases, they fall into one of a few main categories. Knowing the basics can make things clearer for you and your family.

Discharge — No Punishment, But Still a Record

Absolute Discharge:

The court decides no punishment is needed.
Rare, but can happen for very minor offences or where blame is minimal.

Conditional Discharge:

No immediate punishment if you stay out of trouble for a set period (up to 3 years).
If you commit another offence during that time, you can be sentenced for both.

Fines

Fines are common for minor offences, especially in Magistrates’ Court.
The amount depends on the seriousness of the offence and your ability to pay.
The court can set payment plans if you can’t afford the full amount up front.
Not paying fines can lead to enforcement action — even prison in extreme cases.

Community Orders

Community orders are designed to punish but also rehabilitate. The court can impose one or more “requirements,” such as:

Unpaid Work (Community Service) — typically 40 to 300 hours, supervised.
Rehabilitation Activity Requirements (RARs) — meetings, courses, or therapy aimed at addressing offending behaviour.
Curfews / Electronic Tags — you may have to stay at home during certain hours.
Exclusion Zones — banning you from certain places.
Drug or Alcohol Treatment — compulsory testing or programmes if relevant.

Failing to comply can lead to harsher penalties, including custody.

Suspended Sentences

This is where the court imposes a prison sentence but “suspends” it for a set period (up to 2 years).

You don’t go to prison straight away, but you must comply with conditions (like attending appointments, doing unpaid work, or following curfews).
If you commit another offence or breach the order, the sentence can be “activated” — meaning you serve the original prison time plus anything for the new offence.
A suspended sentence is still a criminal conviction and will show on a DBS check.

Immediate Custody (Prison Sentences)

If the court decides your offence is so serious that only prison is appropriate, you’ll be sentenced to custody.

How it works in England & Wales:

Sentence length: Depends on the seriousness of the offence and your previous record.
Automatic release:
- Sentences under 12 months → Usually serve half in prison, the rest on licence in the community.
- Sentences 12 months or longer → Usually serve half to two-thirds in custody, depending on offence type.
- Extended sentences → For some violent or sexual offences, you may serve more in prison before release.
Life sentences & IPPs: Special rules apply, and parole decisions are involved.

Even after release, you’ll normally remain on licence — meaning probation supervises you and you must follow strict rules.

Young People (Under 18)

Sentences for young people are different and aim more at rehabilitation. Options include:

Referral Orders — meeting with a youth offender panel to agree on a rehabilitation plan.
Youth Rehabilitation Orders (YROs) — the youth equivalent of community orders, with tailored conditions.
Detention & Training Orders (DTOs) — a mix of custody and supervised release.

Victim Surcharges, Costs & Compensation

Whatever sentence you receive, the court may also order:

A Victim Surcharge — a set amount based on your sentence, used to fund victim services.
Prosecution Costs — contributing towards the CPS’s costs.
Compensation Orders — paying money directly to victims.

These are in addition to any fines or other penalties.

How Courts Decide: Sentencing Guidelines

Judges and magistrates follow official Sentencing Council guidelines. They look at:

The seriousness of the offence.
Any aggravating factors (weapons, repeat offending, targeting vulnerable victims).
Any mitigating factors (genuine remorse, previous good character, mental health issues).
Whether you pleaded guilty early.

Every case is different, but these rules keep sentences broadly consistent across England and Wales.

Practical Tips for Defendants & Families

Ask your solicitor to explain likely sentencing ranges before trial or plea.
If you’re worried about custody, ask about pre-sentence reports — these can influence whether you get community-based options.
Make arrangements for children, pets, bills, and work before sentencing day if there’s a chance of custody.
If you get a community or suspended sentence, stick to the conditions — breaching them makes things much worse.

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Court (4)

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Are there options when it comes to sentencing?

Categories: Barristers Community Sentences Court Fines Prison Probation Solicitors Trial

Sentencing Options Explained

Why Sentencing Happens

If you plead guilty or are found guilty after trial, the court has to decide what happens next. Sentencing isn’t just about punishment — it also aims to protect the public, rehabilitate offenders, and deter future offending.

Sentences can feel complex, but in most cases, they fall into one of a few main categories. Knowing the basics can make things clearer for you and your family.

Discharge — No Punishment, But Still a Record

Absolute Discharge:

The court decides no punishment is needed.
Rare, but can happen for very minor offences or where blame is minimal.

Conditional Discharge:

No immediate punishment if you stay out of trouble for a set period (up to 3 years).
If you commit another offence during that time, you can be sentenced for both.

Fines

Fines are common for minor offences, especially in Magistrates’ Court.
The amount depends on the seriousness of the offence and your ability to pay.
The court can set payment plans if you can’t afford the full amount up front.
Not paying fines can lead to enforcement action — even prison in extreme cases.

Community Orders

Community orders are designed to punish but also rehabilitate. The court can impose one or more “requirements,” such as:

Unpaid Work (Community Service) — typically 40 to 300 hours, supervised.
Rehabilitation Activity Requirements (RARs) — meetings, courses, or therapy aimed at addressing offending behaviour.
Curfews / Electronic Tags — you may have to stay at home during certain hours.
Exclusion Zones — banning you from certain places.
Drug or Alcohol Treatment — compulsory testing or programmes if relevant.

Failing to comply can lead to harsher penalties, including custody.

Suspended Sentences

This is where the court imposes a prison sentence but “suspends” it for a set period (up to 2 years).

You don’t go to prison straight away, but you must comply with conditions (like attending appointments, doing unpaid work, or following curfews).
If you commit another offence or breach the order, the sentence can be “activated” — meaning you serve the original prison time plus anything for the new offence.
A suspended sentence is still a criminal conviction and will show on a DBS check.

Immediate Custody (Prison Sentences)

If the court decides your offence is so serious that only prison is appropriate, you’ll be sentenced to custody.

How it works in England & Wales:

Sentence length: Depends on the seriousness of the offence and your previous record.
Automatic release:
- Sentences under 12 months → Usually serve half in prison, the rest on licence in the community.
- Sentences 12 months or longer → Usually serve half to two-thirds in custody, depending on offence type.
- Extended sentences → For some violent or sexual offences, you may serve more in prison before release.
Life sentences & IPPs: Special rules apply, and parole decisions are involved.

Even after release, you’ll normally remain on licence — meaning probation supervises you and you must follow strict rules.

Young People (Under 18)

Sentences for young people are different and aim more at rehabilitation. Options include:

Referral Orders — meeting with a youth offender panel to agree on a rehabilitation plan.
Youth Rehabilitation Orders (YROs) — the youth equivalent of community orders, with tailored conditions.
Detention & Training Orders (DTOs) — a mix of custody and supervised release.

Victim Surcharges, Costs & Compensation

Whatever sentence you receive, the court may also order:

A Victim Surcharge — a set amount based on your sentence, used to fund victim services.
Prosecution Costs — contributing towards the CPS’s costs.
Compensation Orders — paying money directly to victims.

These are in addition to any fines or other penalties.

How Courts Decide: Sentencing Guidelines

Judges and magistrates follow official Sentencing Council guidelines. They look at:

The seriousness of the offence.
Any aggravating factors (weapons, repeat offending, targeting vulnerable victims).
Any mitigating factors (genuine remorse, previous good character, mental health issues).
Whether you pleaded guilty early.

Every case is different, but these rules keep sentences broadly consistent across England and Wales.

Practical Tips for Defendants & Families

Ask your solicitor to explain likely sentencing ranges before trial or plea.
If you’re worried about custody, ask about pre-sentence reports — these can influence whether you get community-based options.
Make arrangements for children, pets, bills, and work before sentencing day if there’s a chance of custody.
If you get a community or suspended sentence, stick to the conditions — breaching them makes things much worse.

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Choosing A Solicitor – How do I choose a solicitor?

Categories: Barristers Case Preperation Court Police Solicitors The Arrest

Legal Aid vs Private Solicitors: Pros, Cons & Pitfalls

Legal Aid: What You Need to Know

What it covers: Legal aid in criminal cases is intended to ensure that people who can’t afford representation still have access to legal advice and defence—crucial under Article 6 of the ECHR, which guarantees a fair trial.

It’s administered by the Legal Aid Agency (LAA), and can cover work by both solicitors and barristers.

Qualification is based on two tests:

Interests of Justice (IoJ) — ensures legal aid is available if your case could result in a custodial sentence, is serious, or other factors that mean fair representation is needed.
Means Test — based on your income, capital, and household circumstances. The figures differ depending on whether it’s Magistrates’ Court or Crown Court.

Quick thresholds:

Magistrates’ Court: Your gross income must usually be under £22,325. If your disposable income (after allowable deductions) is under £3,398, you qualify. Above that, you may have to pay for your defence yourself, unless you pass a hardship review.
Crown Court: Broadly, if your disposable annual income is under £37,500, you remain eligible. If it’s very low, you won’t have to contribute at all.

Passporting benefits: You automatically get legal aid if you’re under 18 or on certain benefits like Universal Credit, Income Support, JSA, ESA, or Pension Guarantee Credit.

Pros of Legal Aid:

Low or no cost for those eligible.
Access to trained and accredited solicitors and counsel.
Formal funding structure and standards in place.

Cons:

Strict eligibility— some are excluded due to financial cut-offs especially in the magistrates court.
The means test hasn’t kept pace with inflation, cutting more people off.
Fewer legal aid providers in some areas, and low fees can drive lawyers away from taking cases.

Private Solicitors: What to Consider

Pros of hiring privately:

More solicitor choice and flexibility.
Often more time and tailored attention, especially for complex cases.

Cons to watch out for:

Cost can be very high—some private criminal defence can cost thousands.
Without proper checks, poor service or overcharging is possible. There was the Glanville Davies case, where a solicitor was fined thousands for inflated fees and misconduct.

How Legal Aid Actually Works — In Practice

The LAA processes most criminal legal aid applications within 2 days.
During the application, your income, savings, savings from benefits, you and your partner’s situation, plus any children or dependents, are factored in.
If you don’t qualify, you can request a hardship review—they may reconsider based on essential expenses or costs of the case.
Certain areas, like advice at the police station or child protection cases, may be non-means tested—meaning legal aid is available regardless of income.

Spotting a Poor or Ineffective Solicitor

Your solicitor should help you feel informed, stretched if needed, and confident. But poor representation can mean actual consequences—even wrongful convictions.

Signs of inadequate representation:

Poor preparation or missing key witnesses (e.g., a solicitor failing to instruct a crucial alibi witness led to a CCRC referral and overturned conviction).
Late notice to counsel, insufficient pre-trial work, or failure to review police evidence properly.
If a solicitor ignores core issues or doesn’t explain your options.

Legally, to overturn a conviction, you must prove:

The performance was deficient (seriously below standard), and
This directly caused a miscarriage of justice.

It’s rare for poor representation alone to succeed as a ground for appeal unless it fundamentally undermined the trial’s fairness

If you need some help identifying solicitors that can help then contact us below.

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Deciding Whether to Plead Guilty or Not Guilty

Categories: Acquital Barristers Case Preperation Court Solicitors Trial

What Happens When You Plead Guilty

Pleading guilty means you accept responsibility for the offence. There’s no trial—your case moves straight to sentencing. That might be a fine, community order, or imprisonment depending on the offence’s seriousness.

The big trade-off:

Sentence reduction. You could get up to one-third off your sentence for an early guilty plea. The earlier it is entered, the bigger the discount. If you plead guilty only on the day of trial, reductions are as low as 10%.
Practical relief. Especially if you’re on remand, a guilty plea can mean immediate release based on time served. That has become more common as court delays force people to spend much longer behind bars unnecessarily.

But rushing to plead guilty can have deep consequences—emotionally, legally, and ethically.

What Happens When You Plead Not Guilty

Pleading not guilty means your case will go to trial, and the court must find you guilty beyond reasonable doubt.

The benefits:

Defending your innocence. If there’s a chance you didn’t commit the offence or have a defence, you can challenge evidence and push for acquittal.

The risks:

If convicted, you may face a harsher sentence than if you had pleaded guilty early, because you lose out on the reduction.
Court delays and uncertainty. Trials can be pushed back for months or years—delays that damage family life, stability, and mental health.

Real Pressures on the System

Lengthy trials, backlogs, and remand overcrowding have led many people—sometimes even innocent—to plead guilty just to escape prison. Some remand prisoners have been told they will be released immediately if they plead guilty, even if evidence is weak. This creates a system that unwittingly makes guilty pleas seem like the easiest path.

Can You Change Your Plea?

Yes—sometimes.

From Not Guilty to Guilty

Easy enough. You can change your plea to guilty at any point before the verdict. Judges typically allow it, and you may still receive some sentence reduction, depending on timing.

From Guilty to Not Guilty

This is harder—but possible in certain circumstances:

The court has judicial discretion to allow a plea withdrawal before sentencing, especially if:
- The plea was equivocal (uncertain, e.g., “Guilty, but…”)
- You can point to undue pressure or poor legal advice at the time
- There’s a serious procedural unfairness or new evidence emerges

However, the court treats such requests cautiously. The application must be made promptly and in writing, clearly explaining why keeping the guilty plea would be unjust. You’ll need legal support to make a strong case.

Compare Your Options

Plea	What It Means	Benefits	Risks
Guilty	Admit offence, go to sentencing	Sentence reduction; quicker release / lower punishment if not prison	Permanent record; loss of trial chance; emotional burden
Not Guilty	Contest the case, proceed to trial	Chance of acquittal; defend rights	Heavier sentence if convicted; long waits; uncertainty
Change Plea	Switch decisions based on counsel/advice	Flexibility if early	Hard to reverse plea; may need court’s say-so

Choosing your plea is one of the most serious decisions you’ll make in the process. It affects your freedom, your record, and your mental wellbeing—and indirectly affects your family and supporters too. You don’t have to face it alone. Getting specialist legal advice early is vital—they can help you understand your odds, the evidence, and what life on remand could look like while you’re waiting.

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How do I prepare for my trial at court?

Categories: Barristers Case Preperation Court Solicitors Support Trial Well Being

Why Preparation Matters

Facing trial is daunting. It can feel like your whole life is on hold while everyone else decides what happens next. While your legal team handles the paperwork, evidence, and arguments, there’s still plenty you can do to stay informed, organised, and ready.

Preparation isn’t about replacing your solicitor — it’s about making sure you understand what’s happening, know what’s coming next, and can support your defence in the best way possible.

Understanding What’s Ahead

Your trial will follow a structure, and knowing the basics helps reduce some of the fear:

The prosecution will present their case first.
Your defence team will challenge their evidence and present yours.
Witnesses may be called and cross-examined.
The magistrates or jury will decide if you’re guilty or not guilty.

Your solicitor or barrister will explain the details relevant to your case, but having a rough idea of the process can make things less overwhelming.

What You Can Do to Prepare

1. Stay Organised

Keep every document you receive — charge sheets, bail conditions, letters from your solicitor or the court.
Use a simple folder or binder and keep copies of everything in order.
Make a note of important dates, deadlines, and hearing times.

Even small slips — like missing a court date — can cause serious problems, so staying organised really helps.

2. Be Honest and Thorough with Your Legal Team

Your solicitor can only build a strong defence if they know everything. Even if something feels embarrassing, irrelevant, or damaging, tell them. Surprises in court rarely go well, and your team can’t defend what they don’t know about.

3. Think About Witnesses and Evidence

You don’t have to collect statements or prepare bundles — your legal team will handle that — but you can:

Make a list of anyone who was there, saw, or heard something relevant.
Pass on names, phone numbers, and what they might know to your solicitor.
Flag any texts, emails, or social media messages you think matter. Don’t delete anything.

Your job isn’t to analyse evidence; it’s to make sure your solicitor has all the information they need.

4. Prepare Yourself Mentally

Trials can be draining. The process is slow, the days are long, and you’ll likely hear things said about you that are upsetting or unfair.

Get plenty of rest beforehand if you can.
Bring water and snacks if allowed — trials can run all day.
Have someone you trust to talk to afterwards — family, friends, or a support group.
Consider accessing mental health support; the stress of waiting can take a real toll.

5. Support Your Family and Let Them Support You

If you have children, a partner, or family relying on you, talk to them early about what’s coming. Trials affect everyone — not just the defendant — and having a plan for childcare, bills, and emotional support can make a big difference.

Common Worries — And What to Do About Them

“I feel like I’m not getting updates.”
It’s okay to check in with your solicitor and ask for a clear breakdown of where things stand.

“I don’t understand what’s happening in court.”
Ask your legal team to explain things in plain English. They’re used to jargon — you’re not.

“I’m worried about what to say if I’m called to give evidence.”
Your solicitor or barrister will explain exactly what’s expected and prepare you before you step into the witness box.

Quick Checklist for Defendants

Keep all paperwork safe and organised.
Share every detail and document with your solicitor.
Write down witness names and pass them on — don’t contact witnesses yourself.
Note down all court dates and deadlines.
Prepare emotionally — trials can be long and stressful.
Talk openly with family and supporters.
Ask questions until you understand what’s happening.

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Fines (1)

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Are there options when it comes to sentencing?

Categories: Barristers Community Sentences Court Fines Prison Probation Solicitors Trial

Sentencing Options Explained

Why Sentencing Happens

If you plead guilty or are found guilty after trial, the court has to decide what happens next. Sentencing isn’t just about punishment — it also aims to protect the public, rehabilitate offenders, and deter future offending.

Sentences can feel complex, but in most cases, they fall into one of a few main categories. Knowing the basics can make things clearer for you and your family.

Discharge — No Punishment, But Still a Record

Absolute Discharge:

The court decides no punishment is needed.
Rare, but can happen for very minor offences or where blame is minimal.

Conditional Discharge:

No immediate punishment if you stay out of trouble for a set period (up to 3 years).
If you commit another offence during that time, you can be sentenced for both.

Fines

Fines are common for minor offences, especially in Magistrates’ Court.
The amount depends on the seriousness of the offence and your ability to pay.
The court can set payment plans if you can’t afford the full amount up front.
Not paying fines can lead to enforcement action — even prison in extreme cases.

Community Orders

Community orders are designed to punish but also rehabilitate. The court can impose one or more “requirements,” such as:

Unpaid Work (Community Service) — typically 40 to 300 hours, supervised.
Rehabilitation Activity Requirements (RARs) — meetings, courses, or therapy aimed at addressing offending behaviour.
Curfews / Electronic Tags — you may have to stay at home during certain hours.
Exclusion Zones — banning you from certain places.
Drug or Alcohol Treatment — compulsory testing or programmes if relevant.

Failing to comply can lead to harsher penalties, including custody.

Suspended Sentences

This is where the court imposes a prison sentence but “suspends” it for a set period (up to 2 years).

You don’t go to prison straight away, but you must comply with conditions (like attending appointments, doing unpaid work, or following curfews).
If you commit another offence or breach the order, the sentence can be “activated” — meaning you serve the original prison time plus anything for the new offence.
A suspended sentence is still a criminal conviction and will show on a DBS check.

Immediate Custody (Prison Sentences)

If the court decides your offence is so serious that only prison is appropriate, you’ll be sentenced to custody.

How it works in England & Wales:

Sentence length: Depends on the seriousness of the offence and your previous record.
Automatic release:
- Sentences under 12 months → Usually serve half in prison, the rest on licence in the community.
- Sentences 12 months or longer → Usually serve half to two-thirds in custody, depending on offence type.
- Extended sentences → For some violent or sexual offences, you may serve more in prison before release.
Life sentences & IPPs: Special rules apply, and parole decisions are involved.

Even after release, you’ll normally remain on licence — meaning probation supervises you and you must follow strict rules.

Young People (Under 18)

Sentences for young people are different and aim more at rehabilitation. Options include:

Referral Orders — meeting with a youth offender panel to agree on a rehabilitation plan.
Youth Rehabilitation Orders (YROs) — the youth equivalent of community orders, with tailored conditions.
Detention & Training Orders (DTOs) — a mix of custody and supervised release.

Victim Surcharges, Costs & Compensation

Whatever sentence you receive, the court may also order:

A Victim Surcharge — a set amount based on your sentence, used to fund victim services.
Prosecution Costs — contributing towards the CPS’s costs.
Compensation Orders — paying money directly to victims.

These are in addition to any fines or other penalties.

How Courts Decide: Sentencing Guidelines

Judges and magistrates follow official Sentencing Council guidelines. They look at:

The seriousness of the offence.
Any aggravating factors (weapons, repeat offending, targeting vulnerable victims).
Any mitigating factors (genuine remorse, previous good character, mental health issues).
Whether you pleaded guilty early.

Every case is different, but these rules keep sentences broadly consistent across England and Wales.

Practical Tips for Defendants & Families

Ask your solicitor to explain likely sentencing ranges before trial or plea.
If you’re worried about custody, ask about pre-sentence reports — these can influence whether you get community-based options.
Make arrangements for children, pets, bills, and work before sentencing day if there’s a chance of custody.
If you get a community or suspended sentence, stick to the conditions — breaching them makes things much worse.

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Investigations (2)

a

Legal Representation – Does legal representation matter?

Categories: Barristers Investigations Solicitors The Arrest

Why Legal Representation Matters

Being arrested, questioned, or charged can feel overwhelming, and the choices you make early on can have lasting consequences. Having the right legal representation ensures your rights are protected and that you receive the strongest advice at every stage of the process.

A good solicitor will guide you through what’s happening, explain your options clearly, and make sure the police and prosecution follow proper procedure. Without specialist advice, people often make avoidable mistakes — especially in interviews or when making key decisions.

Free Legal Advice at the Police Station

Everyone in England and Wales has the right to free legal advice at the police station. This applies whether you’ve been arrested or are attending voluntarily. You should always ask for a solicitor before answering questions.

If you haven’t arranged your own, the police will provide access to a duty solicitor at no cost. They are independent of the police and there to protect your rights. However, duty solicitors often cover several clients at once and may only become involved just before your interview.

For many people, arranging your own solicitor provides more continuity, personal attention, and the chance to work with someone who already knows your case from the outset.

After Being Charged

If you’re charged with an offence, you’ll usually have access to means‑tested legal aid. This applies whether your case goes to the Magistrates’ Court or the Crown Court.

Even if you qualify for legal aid, you are not limited to the solicitor provided by the duty rota — you can choose your own representation. Some people still choose to fund representation privately at this stage because it can provide additional flexibility, resources, and faster access to senior lawyers or barristers.

Benefits of Private Representation

Private legal representation isn’t necessary for everyone, but it can offer several advantages, particularly in complex or serious cases:

Time and Focus – Privately funded solicitors often manage smaller caseloads, meaning more time is available to focus on your case.
Choice of Representation – You can choose a solicitor or firm with proven expertise in cases like yours rather than relying on whoever is available on the day.
Continuity – You’re more likely to have the same solicitor involved throughout the process, from initial advice to trial preparation.
Access to Expertise – Private funding gives greater flexibility to instruct highly experienced barristers, independent experts, and investigators where needed.
Responsive Support – Without the constraints of legal aid budgets, private solicitors can often act more quickly when new developments arise.

Choosing the Right Solicitor

Selecting the right solicitor is one of the most important decisions you’ll make. When deciding who to instruct, consider:

Specialism – Do they focus on criminal defence work?
Experience – Have they handled cases similar to yours?
Reputation – Are they known for being thorough, proactive, and approachable?
Resources – Do they have access to skilled barristers, experts, and investigators if your case needs them?

At The CJS Hub, we work alongside reputable firms who understand the complexities of the criminal justice system and provide high‑quality representation when it matters most.

Key Takeaways

Always ask for a solicitor as soon as possible — ideally before answering any police questions.
Free legal advice is available to everyone at the police station, regardless of your financial situation.
After being charged, legal aid may be available, but you can still choose your own solicitor.
Private representation can offer added focus, faster response times, and more flexibility — particularly useful for complex or high‑stakes cases.
Choosing a solicitor with the right experience and resources can make a significant difference to how your case is handled.

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a

Legal Representation – Why Legal Representation Matters

Categories: Barristers Case Preperation Investigations Solicitors The Arrest Trial

Why Legal Representation Matters

Being arrested, questioned, or charged can feel overwhelming, and the choices you make early on can have lasting consequences. Having the right legal representation ensures your rights are protected and that you receive the strongest advice at every stage of the process.

A good solicitor will guide you through what’s happening, explain your options clearly, and make sure the police and prosecution follow proper procedure. Without specialist advice, people often make avoidable mistakes — especially in interviews or when making key decisions.

Free Legal Advice at the Police Station

Everyone in England and Wales has the right to free legal advice at the police station. This applies whether you’ve been arrested or are attending voluntarily. You should always ask for a solicitor before answering questions.

If you haven’t arranged your own, the police will provide access to a duty solicitor at no cost. They are independent of the police and there to protect your rights. However, duty solicitors often cover several clients at once and may only become involved just before your interview.

For many people, arranging your own solicitor provides more continuity, personal attention, and the chance to work with someone who already knows your case from the outset.

After Being Charged

If you’re charged with an offence, you’ll usually have access to means‑tested legal aid. This applies whether your case goes to the Magistrates’ Court or the Crown Court.

Even if you qualify for legal aid, you are not limited to the solicitor provided by the duty rota — you can choose your own representation. Some people still choose to fund representation privately at this stage because it can provide additional flexibility, resources, and faster access to senior lawyers or barristers.

Benefits of Private Representation

Private legal representation isn’t necessary for everyone, but it can offer several advantages, particularly in complex or serious cases:

Time and Focus – Privately funded solicitors often manage smaller caseloads, meaning more time is available to focus on your case.
Choice of Representation – You can choose a solicitor or firm with proven expertise in cases like yours rather than relying on whoever is available on the day.
Continuity – You’re more likely to have the same solicitor involved throughout the process, from initial advice to trial preparation.
Access to Expertise – Private funding gives greater flexibility to instruct highly experienced barristers, independent experts, and investigators where needed.
Responsive Support – Without the constraints of legal aid budgets, private solicitors can often act more quickly when new developments arise.

Choosing the Right Solicitor

Selecting the right solicitor is one of the most important decisions you’ll make. When deciding who to instruct, consider:

Specialism – Do they focus on criminal defence work?
Experience – Have they handled cases similar to yours?
Reputation – Are they known for being thorough, proactive, and approachable?
Resources – Do they have access to skilled barristers, experts, and investigators if your case needs them?

At The CJS Hub, we work alongside reputable firms who understand the complexities of the criminal justice system and provide high‑quality representation when it matters most.

Key Takeaways

Always ask for a solicitor as soon as possible — ideally before answering any police questions.
Free legal advice is available to everyone at the police station, regardless of your financial situation.
After being charged, legal aid may be available, but you can still choose your own solicitor.
Private representation can offer added focus, faster response times, and more flexibility — particularly useful for complex or high‑stakes cases.
Choosing a solicitor with the right experience and resources can make a significant difference to how your case is handled.

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Police (1)

a

Choosing A Solicitor – How do I choose a solicitor?

Categories: Barristers Case Preperation Court Police Solicitors The Arrest

Legal Aid vs Private Solicitors: Pros, Cons & Pitfalls

Legal Aid: What You Need to Know

What it covers: Legal aid in criminal cases is intended to ensure that people who can’t afford representation still have access to legal advice and defence—crucial under Article 6 of the ECHR, which guarantees a fair trial.

It’s administered by the Legal Aid Agency (LAA), and can cover work by both solicitors and barristers.

Qualification is based on two tests:

Interests of Justice (IoJ) — ensures legal aid is available if your case could result in a custodial sentence, is serious, or other factors that mean fair representation is needed.
Means Test — based on your income, capital, and household circumstances. The figures differ depending on whether it’s Magistrates’ Court or Crown Court.

Quick thresholds:

Magistrates’ Court: Your gross income must usually be under £22,325. If your disposable income (after allowable deductions) is under £3,398, you qualify. Above that, you may have to pay for your defence yourself, unless you pass a hardship review.
Crown Court: Broadly, if your disposable annual income is under £37,500, you remain eligible. If it’s very low, you won’t have to contribute at all.

Passporting benefits: You automatically get legal aid if you’re under 18 or on certain benefits like Universal Credit, Income Support, JSA, ESA, or Pension Guarantee Credit.

Pros of Legal Aid:

Low or no cost for those eligible.
Access to trained and accredited solicitors and counsel.
Formal funding structure and standards in place.

Cons:

Strict eligibility— some are excluded due to financial cut-offs especially in the magistrates court.
The means test hasn’t kept pace with inflation, cutting more people off.
Fewer legal aid providers in some areas, and low fees can drive lawyers away from taking cases.

Private Solicitors: What to Consider

Pros of hiring privately:

More solicitor choice and flexibility.
Often more time and tailored attention, especially for complex cases.

Cons to watch out for:

Cost can be very high—some private criminal defence can cost thousands.
Without proper checks, poor service or overcharging is possible. There was the Glanville Davies case, where a solicitor was fined thousands for inflated fees and misconduct.

How Legal Aid Actually Works — In Practice

The LAA processes most criminal legal aid applications within 2 days.
During the application, your income, savings, savings from benefits, you and your partner’s situation, plus any children or dependents, are factored in.
If you don’t qualify, you can request a hardship review—they may reconsider based on essential expenses or costs of the case.
Certain areas, like advice at the police station or child protection cases, may be non-means tested—meaning legal aid is available regardless of income.

Spotting a Poor or Ineffective Solicitor

Your solicitor should help you feel informed, stretched if needed, and confident. But poor representation can mean actual consequences—even wrongful convictions.

Signs of inadequate representation:

Poor preparation or missing key witnesses (e.g., a solicitor failing to instruct a crucial alibi witness led to a CCRC referral and overturned conviction).
Late notice to counsel, insufficient pre-trial work, or failure to review police evidence properly.
If a solicitor ignores core issues or doesn’t explain your options.

Legally, to overturn a conviction, you must prove:

The performance was deficient (seriously below standard), and
This directly caused a miscarriage of justice.

It’s rare for poor representation alone to succeed as a ground for appeal unless it fundamentally undermined the trial’s fairness

If you need some help identifying solicitors that can help then contact us below.

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Prison (1)

a

Are there options when it comes to sentencing?

Categories: Barristers Community Sentences Court Fines Prison Probation Solicitors Trial

Sentencing Options Explained

Why Sentencing Happens

If you plead guilty or are found guilty after trial, the court has to decide what happens next. Sentencing isn’t just about punishment — it also aims to protect the public, rehabilitate offenders, and deter future offending.

Sentences can feel complex, but in most cases, they fall into one of a few main categories. Knowing the basics can make things clearer for you and your family.

Discharge — No Punishment, But Still a Record

Absolute Discharge:

The court decides no punishment is needed.
Rare, but can happen for very minor offences or where blame is minimal.

Conditional Discharge:

No immediate punishment if you stay out of trouble for a set period (up to 3 years).
If you commit another offence during that time, you can be sentenced for both.

Fines

Fines are common for minor offences, especially in Magistrates’ Court.
The amount depends on the seriousness of the offence and your ability to pay.
The court can set payment plans if you can’t afford the full amount up front.
Not paying fines can lead to enforcement action — even prison in extreme cases.

Community Orders

Community orders are designed to punish but also rehabilitate. The court can impose one or more “requirements,” such as:

Unpaid Work (Community Service) — typically 40 to 300 hours, supervised.
Rehabilitation Activity Requirements (RARs) — meetings, courses, or therapy aimed at addressing offending behaviour.
Curfews / Electronic Tags — you may have to stay at home during certain hours.
Exclusion Zones — banning you from certain places.
Drug or Alcohol Treatment — compulsory testing or programmes if relevant.

Failing to comply can lead to harsher penalties, including custody.

Suspended Sentences

This is where the court imposes a prison sentence but “suspends” it for a set period (up to 2 years).

You don’t go to prison straight away, but you must comply with conditions (like attending appointments, doing unpaid work, or following curfews).
If you commit another offence or breach the order, the sentence can be “activated” — meaning you serve the original prison time plus anything for the new offence.
A suspended sentence is still a criminal conviction and will show on a DBS check.

Immediate Custody (Prison Sentences)

If the court decides your offence is so serious that only prison is appropriate, you’ll be sentenced to custody.

How it works in England & Wales:

Sentence length: Depends on the seriousness of the offence and your previous record.
Automatic release:
- Sentences under 12 months → Usually serve half in prison, the rest on licence in the community.
- Sentences 12 months or longer → Usually serve half to two-thirds in custody, depending on offence type.
- Extended sentences → For some violent or sexual offences, you may serve more in prison before release.
Life sentences & IPPs: Special rules apply, and parole decisions are involved.

Even after release, you’ll normally remain on licence — meaning probation supervises you and you must follow strict rules.

Young People (Under 18)

Sentences for young people are different and aim more at rehabilitation. Options include:

Referral Orders — meeting with a youth offender panel to agree on a rehabilitation plan.
Youth Rehabilitation Orders (YROs) — the youth equivalent of community orders, with tailored conditions.
Detention & Training Orders (DTOs) — a mix of custody and supervised release.

Victim Surcharges, Costs & Compensation

Whatever sentence you receive, the court may also order:

A Victim Surcharge — a set amount based on your sentence, used to fund victim services.
Prosecution Costs — contributing towards the CPS’s costs.
Compensation Orders — paying money directly to victims.

These are in addition to any fines or other penalties.

How Courts Decide: Sentencing Guidelines

Judges and magistrates follow official Sentencing Council guidelines. They look at:

The seriousness of the offence.
Any aggravating factors (weapons, repeat offending, targeting vulnerable victims).
Any mitigating factors (genuine remorse, previous good character, mental health issues).
Whether you pleaded guilty early.

Every case is different, but these rules keep sentences broadly consistent across England and Wales.

Practical Tips for Defendants & Families

Ask your solicitor to explain likely sentencing ranges before trial or plea.
If you’re worried about custody, ask about pre-sentence reports — these can influence whether you get community-based options.
Make arrangements for children, pets, bills, and work before sentencing day if there’s a chance of custody.
If you get a community or suspended sentence, stick to the conditions — breaching them makes things much worse.

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Probation (1)

a

Are there options when it comes to sentencing?

Categories: Barristers Community Sentences Court Fines Prison Probation Solicitors Trial

Sentencing Options Explained

Why Sentencing Happens

If you plead guilty or are found guilty after trial, the court has to decide what happens next. Sentencing isn’t just about punishment — it also aims to protect the public, rehabilitate offenders, and deter future offending.

Sentences can feel complex, but in most cases, they fall into one of a few main categories. Knowing the basics can make things clearer for you and your family.

Discharge — No Punishment, But Still a Record

Absolute Discharge:

The court decides no punishment is needed.
Rare, but can happen for very minor offences or where blame is minimal.

Conditional Discharge:

No immediate punishment if you stay out of trouble for a set period (up to 3 years).
If you commit another offence during that time, you can be sentenced for both.

Fines

Fines are common for minor offences, especially in Magistrates’ Court.
The amount depends on the seriousness of the offence and your ability to pay.
The court can set payment plans if you can’t afford the full amount up front.
Not paying fines can lead to enforcement action — even prison in extreme cases.

Community Orders

Community orders are designed to punish but also rehabilitate. The court can impose one or more “requirements,” such as:

Unpaid Work (Community Service) — typically 40 to 300 hours, supervised.
Rehabilitation Activity Requirements (RARs) — meetings, courses, or therapy aimed at addressing offending behaviour.
Curfews / Electronic Tags — you may have to stay at home during certain hours.
Exclusion Zones — banning you from certain places.
Drug or Alcohol Treatment — compulsory testing or programmes if relevant.

Failing to comply can lead to harsher penalties, including custody.

Suspended Sentences

This is where the court imposes a prison sentence but “suspends” it for a set period (up to 2 years).

You don’t go to prison straight away, but you must comply with conditions (like attending appointments, doing unpaid work, or following curfews).
If you commit another offence or breach the order, the sentence can be “activated” — meaning you serve the original prison time plus anything for the new offence.
A suspended sentence is still a criminal conviction and will show on a DBS check.

Immediate Custody (Prison Sentences)

If the court decides your offence is so serious that only prison is appropriate, you’ll be sentenced to custody.

How it works in England & Wales:

Sentence length: Depends on the seriousness of the offence and your previous record.
Automatic release:
- Sentences under 12 months → Usually serve half in prison, the rest on licence in the community.
- Sentences 12 months or longer → Usually serve half to two-thirds in custody, depending on offence type.
- Extended sentences → For some violent or sexual offences, you may serve more in prison before release.
Life sentences & IPPs: Special rules apply, and parole decisions are involved.

Even after release, you’ll normally remain on licence — meaning probation supervises you and you must follow strict rules.

Young People (Under 18)

Sentences for young people are different and aim more at rehabilitation. Options include:

Referral Orders — meeting with a youth offender panel to agree on a rehabilitation plan.
Youth Rehabilitation Orders (YROs) — the youth equivalent of community orders, with tailored conditions.
Detention & Training Orders (DTOs) — a mix of custody and supervised release.

Victim Surcharges, Costs & Compensation

Whatever sentence you receive, the court may also order:

A Victim Surcharge — a set amount based on your sentence, used to fund victim services.
Prosecution Costs — contributing towards the CPS’s costs.
Compensation Orders — paying money directly to victims.

These are in addition to any fines or other penalties.

How Courts Decide: Sentencing Guidelines

Judges and magistrates follow official Sentencing Council guidelines. They look at:

The seriousness of the offence.
Any aggravating factors (weapons, repeat offending, targeting vulnerable victims).
Any mitigating factors (genuine remorse, previous good character, mental health issues).
Whether you pleaded guilty early.

Every case is different, but these rules keep sentences broadly consistent across England and Wales.

Practical Tips for Defendants & Families

Ask your solicitor to explain likely sentencing ranges before trial or plea.
If you’re worried about custody, ask about pre-sentence reports — these can influence whether you get community-based options.
Make arrangements for children, pets, bills, and work before sentencing day if there’s a chance of custody.
If you get a community or suspended sentence, stick to the conditions — breaching them makes things much worse.

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Solicitors (7)

a

Are there options when it comes to sentencing?

Categories: Barristers Community Sentences Court Fines Prison Probation Solicitors Trial

Sentencing Options Explained

Why Sentencing Happens

If you plead guilty or are found guilty after trial, the court has to decide what happens next. Sentencing isn’t just about punishment — it also aims to protect the public, rehabilitate offenders, and deter future offending.

Sentences can feel complex, but in most cases, they fall into one of a few main categories. Knowing the basics can make things clearer for you and your family.

Discharge — No Punishment, But Still a Record

Absolute Discharge:

The court decides no punishment is needed.
Rare, but can happen for very minor offences or where blame is minimal.

Conditional Discharge:

No immediate punishment if you stay out of trouble for a set period (up to 3 years).
If you commit another offence during that time, you can be sentenced for both.

Fines

Fines are common for minor offences, especially in Magistrates’ Court.
The amount depends on the seriousness of the offence and your ability to pay.
The court can set payment plans if you can’t afford the full amount up front.
Not paying fines can lead to enforcement action — even prison in extreme cases.

Community Orders

Community orders are designed to punish but also rehabilitate. The court can impose one or more “requirements,” such as:

Unpaid Work (Community Service) — typically 40 to 300 hours, supervised.
Rehabilitation Activity Requirements (RARs) — meetings, courses, or therapy aimed at addressing offending behaviour.
Curfews / Electronic Tags — you may have to stay at home during certain hours.
Exclusion Zones — banning you from certain places.
Drug or Alcohol Treatment — compulsory testing or programmes if relevant.

Failing to comply can lead to harsher penalties, including custody.

Suspended Sentences

This is where the court imposes a prison sentence but “suspends” it for a set period (up to 2 years).

You don’t go to prison straight away, but you must comply with conditions (like attending appointments, doing unpaid work, or following curfews).
If you commit another offence or breach the order, the sentence can be “activated” — meaning you serve the original prison time plus anything for the new offence.
A suspended sentence is still a criminal conviction and will show on a DBS check.

Immediate Custody (Prison Sentences)

If the court decides your offence is so serious that only prison is appropriate, you’ll be sentenced to custody.

How it works in England & Wales:

Sentence length: Depends on the seriousness of the offence and your previous record.
Automatic release:
- Sentences under 12 months → Usually serve half in prison, the rest on licence in the community.
- Sentences 12 months or longer → Usually serve half to two-thirds in custody, depending on offence type.
- Extended sentences → For some violent or sexual offences, you may serve more in prison before release.
Life sentences & IPPs: Special rules apply, and parole decisions are involved.

Even after release, you’ll normally remain on licence — meaning probation supervises you and you must follow strict rules.

Young People (Under 18)

Sentences for young people are different and aim more at rehabilitation. Options include:

Referral Orders — meeting with a youth offender panel to agree on a rehabilitation plan.
Youth Rehabilitation Orders (YROs) — the youth equivalent of community orders, with tailored conditions.
Detention & Training Orders (DTOs) — a mix of custody and supervised release.

Victim Surcharges, Costs & Compensation

Whatever sentence you receive, the court may also order:

A Victim Surcharge — a set amount based on your sentence, used to fund victim services.
Prosecution Costs — contributing towards the CPS’s costs.
Compensation Orders — paying money directly to victims.

These are in addition to any fines or other penalties.

How Courts Decide: Sentencing Guidelines

Judges and magistrates follow official Sentencing Council guidelines. They look at:

The seriousness of the offence.
Any aggravating factors (weapons, repeat offending, targeting vulnerable victims).
Any mitigating factors (genuine remorse, previous good character, mental health issues).
Whether you pleaded guilty early.

Every case is different, but these rules keep sentences broadly consistent across England and Wales.

Practical Tips for Defendants & Families

Ask your solicitor to explain likely sentencing ranges before trial or plea.
If you’re worried about custody, ask about pre-sentence reports — these can influence whether you get community-based options.
Make arrangements for children, pets, bills, and work before sentencing day if there’s a chance of custody.
If you get a community or suspended sentence, stick to the conditions — breaching them makes things much worse.

Permalink

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a

Choosing A Solicitor – How do I choose a solicitor?

Categories: Barristers Case Preperation Court Police Solicitors The Arrest

Legal Aid vs Private Solicitors: Pros, Cons & Pitfalls

Legal Aid: What You Need to Know

What it covers: Legal aid in criminal cases is intended to ensure that people who can’t afford representation still have access to legal advice and defence—crucial under Article 6 of the ECHR, which guarantees a fair trial.

It’s administered by the Legal Aid Agency (LAA), and can cover work by both solicitors and barristers.

Qualification is based on two tests:

Interests of Justice (IoJ) — ensures legal aid is available if your case could result in a custodial sentence, is serious, or other factors that mean fair representation is needed.
Means Test — based on your income, capital, and household circumstances. The figures differ depending on whether it’s Magistrates’ Court or Crown Court.

Quick thresholds:

Magistrates’ Court: Your gross income must usually be under £22,325. If your disposable income (after allowable deductions) is under £3,398, you qualify. Above that, you may have to pay for your defence yourself, unless you pass a hardship review.
Crown Court: Broadly, if your disposable annual income is under £37,500, you remain eligible. If it’s very low, you won’t have to contribute at all.

Passporting benefits: You automatically get legal aid if you’re under 18 or on certain benefits like Universal Credit, Income Support, JSA, ESA, or Pension Guarantee Credit.

Pros of Legal Aid:

Low or no cost for those eligible.
Access to trained and accredited solicitors and counsel.
Formal funding structure and standards in place.

Cons:

Strict eligibility— some are excluded due to financial cut-offs especially in the magistrates court.
The means test hasn’t kept pace with inflation, cutting more people off.
Fewer legal aid providers in some areas, and low fees can drive lawyers away from taking cases.

Private Solicitors: What to Consider

Pros of hiring privately:

More solicitor choice and flexibility.
Often more time and tailored attention, especially for complex cases.

Cons to watch out for:

Cost can be very high—some private criminal defence can cost thousands.
Without proper checks, poor service or overcharging is possible. There was the Glanville Davies case, where a solicitor was fined thousands for inflated fees and misconduct.

How Legal Aid Actually Works — In Practice

The LAA processes most criminal legal aid applications within 2 days.
During the application, your income, savings, savings from benefits, you and your partner’s situation, plus any children or dependents, are factored in.
If you don’t qualify, you can request a hardship review—they may reconsider based on essential expenses or costs of the case.
Certain areas, like advice at the police station or child protection cases, may be non-means tested—meaning legal aid is available regardless of income.

Spotting a Poor or Ineffective Solicitor

Your solicitor should help you feel informed, stretched if needed, and confident. But poor representation can mean actual consequences—even wrongful convictions.

Signs of inadequate representation:

Poor preparation or missing key witnesses (e.g., a solicitor failing to instruct a crucial alibi witness led to a CCRC referral and overturned conviction).
Late notice to counsel, insufficient pre-trial work, or failure to review police evidence properly.
If a solicitor ignores core issues or doesn’t explain your options.

Legally, to overturn a conviction, you must prove:

The performance was deficient (seriously below standard), and
This directly caused a miscarriage of justice.

It’s rare for poor representation alone to succeed as a ground for appeal unless it fundamentally undermined the trial’s fairness

If you need some help identifying solicitors that can help then contact us below.

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a

Deciding Whether to Plead Guilty or Not Guilty

Categories: Acquital Barristers Case Preperation Court Solicitors Trial

What Happens When You Plead Guilty

Pleading guilty means you accept responsibility for the offence. There’s no trial—your case moves straight to sentencing. That might be a fine, community order, or imprisonment depending on the offence’s seriousness.

The big trade-off:

Sentence reduction. You could get up to one-third off your sentence for an early guilty plea. The earlier it is entered, the bigger the discount. If you plead guilty only on the day of trial, reductions are as low as 10%.
Practical relief. Especially if you’re on remand, a guilty plea can mean immediate release based on time served. That has become more common as court delays force people to spend much longer behind bars unnecessarily.

But rushing to plead guilty can have deep consequences—emotionally, legally, and ethically.

What Happens When You Plead Not Guilty

Pleading not guilty means your case will go to trial, and the court must find you guilty beyond reasonable doubt.

The benefits:

Defending your innocence. If there’s a chance you didn’t commit the offence or have a defence, you can challenge evidence and push for acquittal.

The risks:

If convicted, you may face a harsher sentence than if you had pleaded guilty early, because you lose out on the reduction.
Court delays and uncertainty. Trials can be pushed back for months or years—delays that damage family life, stability, and mental health.

Real Pressures on the System

Lengthy trials, backlogs, and remand overcrowding have led many people—sometimes even innocent—to plead guilty just to escape prison. Some remand prisoners have been told they will be released immediately if they plead guilty, even if evidence is weak. This creates a system that unwittingly makes guilty pleas seem like the easiest path.

Can You Change Your Plea?

Yes—sometimes.

From Not Guilty to Guilty

Easy enough. You can change your plea to guilty at any point before the verdict. Judges typically allow it, and you may still receive some sentence reduction, depending on timing.

From Guilty to Not Guilty

This is harder—but possible in certain circumstances:

The court has judicial discretion to allow a plea withdrawal before sentencing, especially if:
- The plea was equivocal (uncertain, e.g., “Guilty, but…”)
- You can point to undue pressure or poor legal advice at the time
- There’s a serious procedural unfairness or new evidence emerges

However, the court treats such requests cautiously. The application must be made promptly and in writing, clearly explaining why keeping the guilty plea would be unjust. You’ll need legal support to make a strong case.

Compare Your Options

Plea	What It Means	Benefits	Risks
Guilty	Admit offence, go to sentencing	Sentence reduction; quicker release / lower punishment if not prison	Permanent record; loss of trial chance; emotional burden
Not Guilty	Contest the case, proceed to trial	Chance of acquittal; defend rights	Heavier sentence if convicted; long waits; uncertainty
Change Plea	Switch decisions based on counsel/advice	Flexibility if early	Hard to reverse plea; may need court’s say-so

Choosing your plea is one of the most serious decisions you’ll make in the process. It affects your freedom, your record, and your mental wellbeing—and indirectly affects your family and supporters too. You don’t have to face it alone. Getting specialist legal advice early is vital—they can help you understand your odds, the evidence, and what life on remand could look like while you’re waiting.

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How do I prepare for my trial at court?

Categories: Barristers Case Preperation Court Solicitors Support Trial Well Being

Why Preparation Matters

Facing trial is daunting. It can feel like your whole life is on hold while everyone else decides what happens next. While your legal team handles the paperwork, evidence, and arguments, there’s still plenty you can do to stay informed, organised, and ready.

Preparation isn’t about replacing your solicitor — it’s about making sure you understand what’s happening, know what’s coming next, and can support your defence in the best way possible.

Understanding What’s Ahead

Your trial will follow a structure, and knowing the basics helps reduce some of the fear:

The prosecution will present their case first.
Your defence team will challenge their evidence and present yours.
Witnesses may be called and cross-examined.
The magistrates or jury will decide if you’re guilty or not guilty.

Your solicitor or barrister will explain the details relevant to your case, but having a rough idea of the process can make things less overwhelming.

What You Can Do to Prepare

1. Stay Organised

Keep every document you receive — charge sheets, bail conditions, letters from your solicitor or the court.
Use a simple folder or binder and keep copies of everything in order.
Make a note of important dates, deadlines, and hearing times.

Even small slips — like missing a court date — can cause serious problems, so staying organised really helps.

2. Be Honest and Thorough with Your Legal Team

Your solicitor can only build a strong defence if they know everything. Even if something feels embarrassing, irrelevant, or damaging, tell them. Surprises in court rarely go well, and your team can’t defend what they don’t know about.

3. Think About Witnesses and Evidence

You don’t have to collect statements or prepare bundles — your legal team will handle that — but you can:

Make a list of anyone who was there, saw, or heard something relevant.
Pass on names, phone numbers, and what they might know to your solicitor.
Flag any texts, emails, or social media messages you think matter. Don’t delete anything.

Your job isn’t to analyse evidence; it’s to make sure your solicitor has all the information they need.

4. Prepare Yourself Mentally

Trials can be draining. The process is slow, the days are long, and you’ll likely hear things said about you that are upsetting or unfair.

Get plenty of rest beforehand if you can.
Bring water and snacks if allowed — trials can run all day.
Have someone you trust to talk to afterwards — family, friends, or a support group.
Consider accessing mental health support; the stress of waiting can take a real toll.

5. Support Your Family and Let Them Support You

If you have children, a partner, or family relying on you, talk to them early about what’s coming. Trials affect everyone — not just the defendant — and having a plan for childcare, bills, and emotional support can make a big difference.

Common Worries — And What to Do About Them

“I feel like I’m not getting updates.”
It’s okay to check in with your solicitor and ask for a clear breakdown of where things stand.

“I don’t understand what’s happening in court.”
Ask your legal team to explain things in plain English. They’re used to jargon — you’re not.

“I’m worried about what to say if I’m called to give evidence.”
Your solicitor or barrister will explain exactly what’s expected and prepare you before you step into the witness box.

Quick Checklist for Defendants

Keep all paperwork safe and organised.
Share every detail and document with your solicitor.
Write down witness names and pass them on — don’t contact witnesses yourself.
Note down all court dates and deadlines.
Prepare emotionally — trials can be long and stressful.
Talk openly with family and supporters.
Ask questions until you understand what’s happening.

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Legal Representation – Does legal representation matter?

Categories: Barristers Investigations Solicitors The Arrest

Why Legal Representation Matters

Being arrested, questioned, or charged can feel overwhelming, and the choices you make early on can have lasting consequences. Having the right legal representation ensures your rights are protected and that you receive the strongest advice at every stage of the process.

A good solicitor will guide you through what’s happening, explain your options clearly, and make sure the police and prosecution follow proper procedure. Without specialist advice, people often make avoidable mistakes — especially in interviews or when making key decisions.

Free Legal Advice at the Police Station

Everyone in England and Wales has the right to free legal advice at the police station. This applies whether you’ve been arrested or are attending voluntarily. You should always ask for a solicitor before answering questions.

If you haven’t arranged your own, the police will provide access to a duty solicitor at no cost. They are independent of the police and there to protect your rights. However, duty solicitors often cover several clients at once and may only become involved just before your interview.

For many people, arranging your own solicitor provides more continuity, personal attention, and the chance to work with someone who already knows your case from the outset.

After Being Charged

If you’re charged with an offence, you’ll usually have access to means‑tested legal aid. This applies whether your case goes to the Magistrates’ Court or the Crown Court.

Even if you qualify for legal aid, you are not limited to the solicitor provided by the duty rota — you can choose your own representation. Some people still choose to fund representation privately at this stage because it can provide additional flexibility, resources, and faster access to senior lawyers or barristers.

Benefits of Private Representation

Private legal representation isn’t necessary for everyone, but it can offer several advantages, particularly in complex or serious cases:

Time and Focus – Privately funded solicitors often manage smaller caseloads, meaning more time is available to focus on your case.
Choice of Representation – You can choose a solicitor or firm with proven expertise in cases like yours rather than relying on whoever is available on the day.
Continuity – You’re more likely to have the same solicitor involved throughout the process, from initial advice to trial preparation.
Access to Expertise – Private funding gives greater flexibility to instruct highly experienced barristers, independent experts, and investigators where needed.
Responsive Support – Without the constraints of legal aid budgets, private solicitors can often act more quickly when new developments arise.

Choosing the Right Solicitor

Selecting the right solicitor is one of the most important decisions you’ll make. When deciding who to instruct, consider:

Specialism – Do they focus on criminal defence work?
Experience – Have they handled cases similar to yours?
Reputation – Are they known for being thorough, proactive, and approachable?
Resources – Do they have access to skilled barristers, experts, and investigators if your case needs them?

At The CJS Hub, we work alongside reputable firms who understand the complexities of the criminal justice system and provide high‑quality representation when it matters most.

Key Takeaways

Always ask for a solicitor as soon as possible — ideally before answering any police questions.
Free legal advice is available to everyone at the police station, regardless of your financial situation.
After being charged, legal aid may be available, but you can still choose your own solicitor.
Private representation can offer added focus, faster response times, and more flexibility — particularly useful for complex or high‑stakes cases.
Choosing a solicitor with the right experience and resources can make a significant difference to how your case is handled.

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Legal Representation – Why having a solicitor matters!

Categories: Barristers Solicitors

Being arrested, questioned, or charged can feel overwhelming, and the choices you make early on can have lasting consequences. Having the right legal representation ensures your rights are protected and that you receive the strongest advice at every stage of the process.

A good solicitor will guide you through what’s happening, explain your options clearly, and make sure the police and prosecution follow proper procedure. Without specialist advice, people often make avoidable mistakes — especially in interviews or when making key decisions.

Free Legal Advice at the Police Station

Everyone in England and Wales has the right to free legal advice at the police station. This applies whether you’ve been arrested or are attending voluntarily. You should always ask for a solicitor before answering questions.

If you haven’t arranged your own, the police will provide access to a duty solicitor at no cost. They are independent of the police and there to protect your rights. However, duty solicitors often cover several clients at once and may only become involved just before your interview.

For many people, arranging your own solicitor provides more continuity, personal attention, and the chance to work with someone who already knows your case from the outset.

After Being Charged

If you’re charged with an offence, you’ll usually have access to means‑tested legal aid. This applies whether your case goes to the Magistrates’ Court or the Crown Court.

Even if you qualify for legal aid, you are not limited to the solicitor provided by the duty rota — you can choose your own representation. Some people still choose to fund representation privately at this stage because it can provide additional flexibility, resources, and faster access to senior lawyers or barristers.

Benefits of Private Representation

Private legal representation isn’t necessary for everyone, but it can offer several advantages, particularly in complex or serious cases:

Time and Focus – Privately funded solicitors often manage smaller caseloads, meaning more time is available to focus on your case.
Choice of Representation – You can choose a solicitor or firm with proven expertise in cases like yours rather than relying on whoever is available on the day.
Continuity – You’re more likely to have the same solicitor involved throughout the process, from initial advice to trial preparation.
Access to Expertise – Private funding gives greater flexibility to instruct highly experienced barristers, independent experts, and investigators where needed.
Responsive Support – Without the constraints of legal aid budgets, private solicitors can often act more quickly when new developments arise.

Choosing the Right Solicitor

Selecting the right solicitor is one of the most important decisions you’ll make. When deciding who to instruct, consider:

Specialism – Do they focus on criminal defence work?
Experience – Have they handled cases similar to yours?
Reputation – Are they known for being thorough, proactive, and approachable?
Resources – Do they have access to skilled barristers, experts, and investigators if your case needs them?

At The CJS Hub, we work alongside reputable firms who understand the complexities of the criminal justice system and provide high‑quality representation when it matters most.

Key Takeaways

Always ask for a solicitor as soon as possible — ideally before answering any police questions.
Free legal advice is available to everyone at the police station, regardless of your financial situation.
After being charged, legal aid may be available, but you can still choose your own solicitor.
Private representation can offer added focus, faster response times, and more flexibility — particularly useful for complex or high‑stakes cases.
Choosing a solicitor with the right experience and resources can make a significant difference to how your case is handled.

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Legal Representation – Why Legal Representation Matters

Categories: Barristers Case Preperation Investigations Solicitors The Arrest Trial

Why Legal Representation Matters

Being arrested, questioned, or charged can feel overwhelming, and the choices you make early on can have lasting consequences. Having the right legal representation ensures your rights are protected and that you receive the strongest advice at every stage of the process.

A good solicitor will guide you through what’s happening, explain your options clearly, and make sure the police and prosecution follow proper procedure. Without specialist advice, people often make avoidable mistakes — especially in interviews or when making key decisions.

Free Legal Advice at the Police Station

Everyone in England and Wales has the right to free legal advice at the police station. This applies whether you’ve been arrested or are attending voluntarily. You should always ask for a solicitor before answering questions.

If you haven’t arranged your own, the police will provide access to a duty solicitor at no cost. They are independent of the police and there to protect your rights. However, duty solicitors often cover several clients at once and may only become involved just before your interview.

For many people, arranging your own solicitor provides more continuity, personal attention, and the chance to work with someone who already knows your case from the outset.

After Being Charged

If you’re charged with an offence, you’ll usually have access to means‑tested legal aid. This applies whether your case goes to the Magistrates’ Court or the Crown Court.

Even if you qualify for legal aid, you are not limited to the solicitor provided by the duty rota — you can choose your own representation. Some people still choose to fund representation privately at this stage because it can provide additional flexibility, resources, and faster access to senior lawyers or barristers.

Benefits of Private Representation

Private legal representation isn’t necessary for everyone, but it can offer several advantages, particularly in complex or serious cases:

Time and Focus – Privately funded solicitors often manage smaller caseloads, meaning more time is available to focus on your case.
Choice of Representation – You can choose a solicitor or firm with proven expertise in cases like yours rather than relying on whoever is available on the day.
Continuity – You’re more likely to have the same solicitor involved throughout the process, from initial advice to trial preparation.
Access to Expertise – Private funding gives greater flexibility to instruct highly experienced barristers, independent experts, and investigators where needed.
Responsive Support – Without the constraints of legal aid budgets, private solicitors can often act more quickly when new developments arise.

Choosing the Right Solicitor

Selecting the right solicitor is one of the most important decisions you’ll make. When deciding who to instruct, consider:

Specialism – Do they focus on criminal defence work?
Experience – Have they handled cases similar to yours?
Reputation – Are they known for being thorough, proactive, and approachable?
Resources – Do they have access to skilled barristers, experts, and investigators if your case needs them?

At The CJS Hub, we work alongside reputable firms who understand the complexities of the criminal justice system and provide high‑quality representation when it matters most.

Key Takeaways

Always ask for a solicitor as soon as possible — ideally before answering any police questions.
Free legal advice is available to everyone at the police station, regardless of your financial situation.
After being charged, legal aid may be available, but you can still choose your own solicitor.
Private representation can offer added focus, faster response times, and more flexibility — particularly useful for complex or high‑stakes cases.
Choosing a solicitor with the right experience and resources can make a significant difference to how your case is handled.

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Support (1)

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How do I prepare for my trial at court?

Categories: Barristers Case Preperation Court Solicitors Support Trial Well Being

Why Preparation Matters

Facing trial is daunting. It can feel like your whole life is on hold while everyone else decides what happens next. While your legal team handles the paperwork, evidence, and arguments, there’s still plenty you can do to stay informed, organised, and ready.

Preparation isn’t about replacing your solicitor — it’s about making sure you understand what’s happening, know what’s coming next, and can support your defence in the best way possible.

Understanding What’s Ahead

Your trial will follow a structure, and knowing the basics helps reduce some of the fear:

The prosecution will present their case first.
Your defence team will challenge their evidence and present yours.
Witnesses may be called and cross-examined.
The magistrates or jury will decide if you’re guilty or not guilty.

Your solicitor or barrister will explain the details relevant to your case, but having a rough idea of the process can make things less overwhelming.

What You Can Do to Prepare

1. Stay Organised

Keep every document you receive — charge sheets, bail conditions, letters from your solicitor or the court.
Use a simple folder or binder and keep copies of everything in order.
Make a note of important dates, deadlines, and hearing times.

Even small slips — like missing a court date — can cause serious problems, so staying organised really helps.

2. Be Honest and Thorough with Your Legal Team

Your solicitor can only build a strong defence if they know everything. Even if something feels embarrassing, irrelevant, or damaging, tell them. Surprises in court rarely go well, and your team can’t defend what they don’t know about.

3. Think About Witnesses and Evidence

You don’t have to collect statements or prepare bundles — your legal team will handle that — but you can:

Make a list of anyone who was there, saw, or heard something relevant.
Pass on names, phone numbers, and what they might know to your solicitor.
Flag any texts, emails, or social media messages you think matter. Don’t delete anything.

Your job isn’t to analyse evidence; it’s to make sure your solicitor has all the information they need.

4. Prepare Yourself Mentally

Trials can be draining. The process is slow, the days are long, and you’ll likely hear things said about you that are upsetting or unfair.

Get plenty of rest beforehand if you can.
Bring water and snacks if allowed — trials can run all day.
Have someone you trust to talk to afterwards — family, friends, or a support group.
Consider accessing mental health support; the stress of waiting can take a real toll.

5. Support Your Family and Let Them Support You

If you have children, a partner, or family relying on you, talk to them early about what’s coming. Trials affect everyone — not just the defendant — and having a plan for childcare, bills, and emotional support can make a big difference.

Common Worries — And What to Do About Them

“I feel like I’m not getting updates.”
It’s okay to check in with your solicitor and ask for a clear breakdown of where things stand.

“I don’t understand what’s happening in court.”
Ask your legal team to explain things in plain English. They’re used to jargon — you’re not.

“I’m worried about what to say if I’m called to give evidence.”
Your solicitor or barrister will explain exactly what’s expected and prepare you before you step into the witness box.

Quick Checklist for Defendants

Keep all paperwork safe and organised.
Share every detail and document with your solicitor.
Write down witness names and pass them on — don’t contact witnesses yourself.
Note down all court dates and deadlines.
Prepare emotionally — trials can be long and stressful.
Talk openly with family and supporters.
Ask questions until you understand what’s happening.

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The Arrest (3)

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Choosing A Solicitor – How do I choose a solicitor?

Categories: Barristers Case Preperation Court Police Solicitors The Arrest

Legal Aid vs Private Solicitors: Pros, Cons & Pitfalls

Legal Aid: What You Need to Know

What it covers: Legal aid in criminal cases is intended to ensure that people who can’t afford representation still have access to legal advice and defence—crucial under Article 6 of the ECHR, which guarantees a fair trial.

It’s administered by the Legal Aid Agency (LAA), and can cover work by both solicitors and barristers.

Qualification is based on two tests:

Interests of Justice (IoJ) — ensures legal aid is available if your case could result in a custodial sentence, is serious, or other factors that mean fair representation is needed.
Means Test — based on your income, capital, and household circumstances. The figures differ depending on whether it’s Magistrates’ Court or Crown Court.

Quick thresholds:

Magistrates’ Court: Your gross income must usually be under £22,325. If your disposable income (after allowable deductions) is under £3,398, you qualify. Above that, you may have to pay for your defence yourself, unless you pass a hardship review.
Crown Court: Broadly, if your disposable annual income is under £37,500, you remain eligible. If it’s very low, you won’t have to contribute at all.

Passporting benefits: You automatically get legal aid if you’re under 18 or on certain benefits like Universal Credit, Income Support, JSA, ESA, or Pension Guarantee Credit.

Pros of Legal Aid:

Low or no cost for those eligible.
Access to trained and accredited solicitors and counsel.
Formal funding structure and standards in place.

Cons:

Strict eligibility— some are excluded due to financial cut-offs especially in the magistrates court.
The means test hasn’t kept pace with inflation, cutting more people off.
Fewer legal aid providers in some areas, and low fees can drive lawyers away from taking cases.

Private Solicitors: What to Consider

Pros of hiring privately:

More solicitor choice and flexibility.
Often more time and tailored attention, especially for complex cases.

Cons to watch out for:

Cost can be very high—some private criminal defence can cost thousands.
Without proper checks, poor service or overcharging is possible. There was the Glanville Davies case, where a solicitor was fined thousands for inflated fees and misconduct.

How Legal Aid Actually Works — In Practice

The LAA processes most criminal legal aid applications within 2 days.
During the application, your income, savings, savings from benefits, you and your partner’s situation, plus any children or dependents, are factored in.
If you don’t qualify, you can request a hardship review—they may reconsider based on essential expenses or costs of the case.
Certain areas, like advice at the police station or child protection cases, may be non-means tested—meaning legal aid is available regardless of income.

Spotting a Poor or Ineffective Solicitor

Your solicitor should help you feel informed, stretched if needed, and confident. But poor representation can mean actual consequences—even wrongful convictions.

Signs of inadequate representation:

Poor preparation or missing key witnesses (e.g., a solicitor failing to instruct a crucial alibi witness led to a CCRC referral and overturned conviction).
Late notice to counsel, insufficient pre-trial work, or failure to review police evidence properly.
If a solicitor ignores core issues or doesn’t explain your options.

Legally, to overturn a conviction, you must prove:

The performance was deficient (seriously below standard), and
This directly caused a miscarriage of justice.

It’s rare for poor representation alone to succeed as a ground for appeal unless it fundamentally undermined the trial’s fairness

If you need some help identifying solicitors that can help then contact us below.

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Legal Representation – Does legal representation matter?

Categories: Barristers Investigations Solicitors The Arrest

Why Legal Representation Matters

Being arrested, questioned, or charged can feel overwhelming, and the choices you make early on can have lasting consequences. Having the right legal representation ensures your rights are protected and that you receive the strongest advice at every stage of the process.

A good solicitor will guide you through what’s happening, explain your options clearly, and make sure the police and prosecution follow proper procedure. Without specialist advice, people often make avoidable mistakes — especially in interviews or when making key decisions.

Free Legal Advice at the Police Station

Everyone in England and Wales has the right to free legal advice at the police station. This applies whether you’ve been arrested or are attending voluntarily. You should always ask for a solicitor before answering questions.

If you haven’t arranged your own, the police will provide access to a duty solicitor at no cost. They are independent of the police and there to protect your rights. However, duty solicitors often cover several clients at once and may only become involved just before your interview.

For many people, arranging your own solicitor provides more continuity, personal attention, and the chance to work with someone who already knows your case from the outset.

After Being Charged

If you’re charged with an offence, you’ll usually have access to means‑tested legal aid. This applies whether your case goes to the Magistrates’ Court or the Crown Court.

Even if you qualify for legal aid, you are not limited to the solicitor provided by the duty rota — you can choose your own representation. Some people still choose to fund representation privately at this stage because it can provide additional flexibility, resources, and faster access to senior lawyers or barristers.

Benefits of Private Representation

Private legal representation isn’t necessary for everyone, but it can offer several advantages, particularly in complex or serious cases:

Time and Focus – Privately funded solicitors often manage smaller caseloads, meaning more time is available to focus on your case.
Choice of Representation – You can choose a solicitor or firm with proven expertise in cases like yours rather than relying on whoever is available on the day.
Continuity – You’re more likely to have the same solicitor involved throughout the process, from initial advice to trial preparation.
Access to Expertise – Private funding gives greater flexibility to instruct highly experienced barristers, independent experts, and investigators where needed.
Responsive Support – Without the constraints of legal aid budgets, private solicitors can often act more quickly when new developments arise.

Choosing the Right Solicitor

Selecting the right solicitor is one of the most important decisions you’ll make. When deciding who to instruct, consider:

Specialism – Do they focus on criminal defence work?
Experience – Have they handled cases similar to yours?
Reputation – Are they known for being thorough, proactive, and approachable?
Resources – Do they have access to skilled barristers, experts, and investigators if your case needs them?

At The CJS Hub, we work alongside reputable firms who understand the complexities of the criminal justice system and provide high‑quality representation when it matters most.

Key Takeaways

Always ask for a solicitor as soon as possible — ideally before answering any police questions.
Free legal advice is available to everyone at the police station, regardless of your financial situation.
After being charged, legal aid may be available, but you can still choose your own solicitor.
Private representation can offer added focus, faster response times, and more flexibility — particularly useful for complex or high‑stakes cases.
Choosing a solicitor with the right experience and resources can make a significant difference to how your case is handled.

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Legal Representation – Why Legal Representation Matters

Categories: Barristers Case Preperation Investigations Solicitors The Arrest Trial

Why Legal Representation Matters

Being arrested, questioned, or charged can feel overwhelming, and the choices you make early on can have lasting consequences. Having the right legal representation ensures your rights are protected and that you receive the strongest advice at every stage of the process.

A good solicitor will guide you through what’s happening, explain your options clearly, and make sure the police and prosecution follow proper procedure. Without specialist advice, people often make avoidable mistakes — especially in interviews or when making key decisions.

Free Legal Advice at the Police Station

Everyone in England and Wales has the right to free legal advice at the police station. This applies whether you’ve been arrested or are attending voluntarily. You should always ask for a solicitor before answering questions.

If you haven’t arranged your own, the police will provide access to a duty solicitor at no cost. They are independent of the police and there to protect your rights. However, duty solicitors often cover several clients at once and may only become involved just before your interview.

For many people, arranging your own solicitor provides more continuity, personal attention, and the chance to work with someone who already knows your case from the outset.

After Being Charged

If you’re charged with an offence, you’ll usually have access to means‑tested legal aid. This applies whether your case goes to the Magistrates’ Court or the Crown Court.

Even if you qualify for legal aid, you are not limited to the solicitor provided by the duty rota — you can choose your own representation. Some people still choose to fund representation privately at this stage because it can provide additional flexibility, resources, and faster access to senior lawyers or barristers.

Benefits of Private Representation

Private legal representation isn’t necessary for everyone, but it can offer several advantages, particularly in complex or serious cases:

Time and Focus – Privately funded solicitors often manage smaller caseloads, meaning more time is available to focus on your case.
Choice of Representation – You can choose a solicitor or firm with proven expertise in cases like yours rather than relying on whoever is available on the day.
Continuity – You’re more likely to have the same solicitor involved throughout the process, from initial advice to trial preparation.
Access to Expertise – Private funding gives greater flexibility to instruct highly experienced barristers, independent experts, and investigators where needed.
Responsive Support – Without the constraints of legal aid budgets, private solicitors can often act more quickly when new developments arise.

Choosing the Right Solicitor

Selecting the right solicitor is one of the most important decisions you’ll make. When deciding who to instruct, consider:

Specialism – Do they focus on criminal defence work?
Experience – Have they handled cases similar to yours?
Reputation – Are they known for being thorough, proactive, and approachable?
Resources – Do they have access to skilled barristers, experts, and investigators if your case needs them?

At The CJS Hub, we work alongside reputable firms who understand the complexities of the criminal justice system and provide high‑quality representation when it matters most.

Key Takeaways

Always ask for a solicitor as soon as possible — ideally before answering any police questions.
Free legal advice is available to everyone at the police station, regardless of your financial situation.
After being charged, legal aid may be available, but you can still choose your own solicitor.
Private representation can offer added focus, faster response times, and more flexibility — particularly useful for complex or high‑stakes cases.
Choosing a solicitor with the right experience and resources can make a significant difference to how your case is handled.

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Trial (4)

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Are there options when it comes to sentencing?

Categories: Barristers Community Sentences Court Fines Prison Probation Solicitors Trial

Sentencing Options Explained

Why Sentencing Happens

If you plead guilty or are found guilty after trial, the court has to decide what happens next. Sentencing isn’t just about punishment — it also aims to protect the public, rehabilitate offenders, and deter future offending.

Sentences can feel complex, but in most cases, they fall into one of a few main categories. Knowing the basics can make things clearer for you and your family.

Discharge — No Punishment, But Still a Record

Absolute Discharge:

The court decides no punishment is needed.
Rare, but can happen for very minor offences or where blame is minimal.

Conditional Discharge:

No immediate punishment if you stay out of trouble for a set period (up to 3 years).
If you commit another offence during that time, you can be sentenced for both.

Fines

Fines are common for minor offences, especially in Magistrates’ Court.
The amount depends on the seriousness of the offence and your ability to pay.
The court can set payment plans if you can’t afford the full amount up front.
Not paying fines can lead to enforcement action — even prison in extreme cases.

Community Orders

Community orders are designed to punish but also rehabilitate. The court can impose one or more “requirements,” such as:

Unpaid Work (Community Service) — typically 40 to 300 hours, supervised.
Rehabilitation Activity Requirements (RARs) — meetings, courses, or therapy aimed at addressing offending behaviour.
Curfews / Electronic Tags — you may have to stay at home during certain hours.
Exclusion Zones — banning you from certain places.
Drug or Alcohol Treatment — compulsory testing or programmes if relevant.

Failing to comply can lead to harsher penalties, including custody.

Suspended Sentences

This is where the court imposes a prison sentence but “suspends” it for a set period (up to 2 years).

You don’t go to prison straight away, but you must comply with conditions (like attending appointments, doing unpaid work, or following curfews).
If you commit another offence or breach the order, the sentence can be “activated” — meaning you serve the original prison time plus anything for the new offence.
A suspended sentence is still a criminal conviction and will show on a DBS check.

Immediate Custody (Prison Sentences)

If the court decides your offence is so serious that only prison is appropriate, you’ll be sentenced to custody.

How it works in England & Wales:

Sentence length: Depends on the seriousness of the offence and your previous record.
Automatic release:
- Sentences under 12 months → Usually serve half in prison, the rest on licence in the community.
- Sentences 12 months or longer → Usually serve half to two-thirds in custody, depending on offence type.
- Extended sentences → For some violent or sexual offences, you may serve more in prison before release.
Life sentences & IPPs: Special rules apply, and parole decisions are involved.

Even after release, you’ll normally remain on licence — meaning probation supervises you and you must follow strict rules.

Young People (Under 18)

Sentences for young people are different and aim more at rehabilitation. Options include:

Referral Orders — meeting with a youth offender panel to agree on a rehabilitation plan.
Youth Rehabilitation Orders (YROs) — the youth equivalent of community orders, with tailored conditions.
Detention & Training Orders (DTOs) — a mix of custody and supervised release.

Victim Surcharges, Costs & Compensation

Whatever sentence you receive, the court may also order:

A Victim Surcharge — a set amount based on your sentence, used to fund victim services.
Prosecution Costs — contributing towards the CPS’s costs.
Compensation Orders — paying money directly to victims.

These are in addition to any fines or other penalties.

How Courts Decide: Sentencing Guidelines

Judges and magistrates follow official Sentencing Council guidelines. They look at:

The seriousness of the offence.
Any aggravating factors (weapons, repeat offending, targeting vulnerable victims).
Any mitigating factors (genuine remorse, previous good character, mental health issues).
Whether you pleaded guilty early.

Every case is different, but these rules keep sentences broadly consistent across England and Wales.

Practical Tips for Defendants & Families

Ask your solicitor to explain likely sentencing ranges before trial or plea.
If you’re worried about custody, ask about pre-sentence reports — these can influence whether you get community-based options.
Make arrangements for children, pets, bills, and work before sentencing day if there’s a chance of custody.
If you get a community or suspended sentence, stick to the conditions — breaching them makes things much worse.

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Deciding Whether to Plead Guilty or Not Guilty

Categories: Acquital Barristers Case Preperation Court Solicitors Trial

What Happens When You Plead Guilty

Pleading guilty means you accept responsibility for the offence. There’s no trial—your case moves straight to sentencing. That might be a fine, community order, or imprisonment depending on the offence’s seriousness.

The big trade-off:

Sentence reduction. You could get up to one-third off your sentence for an early guilty plea. The earlier it is entered, the bigger the discount. If you plead guilty only on the day of trial, reductions are as low as 10%.
Practical relief. Especially if you’re on remand, a guilty plea can mean immediate release based on time served. That has become more common as court delays force people to spend much longer behind bars unnecessarily.

But rushing to plead guilty can have deep consequences—emotionally, legally, and ethically.

What Happens When You Plead Not Guilty

Pleading not guilty means your case will go to trial, and the court must find you guilty beyond reasonable doubt.

The benefits:

Defending your innocence. If there’s a chance you didn’t commit the offence or have a defence, you can challenge evidence and push for acquittal.

The risks:

If convicted, you may face a harsher sentence than if you had pleaded guilty early, because you lose out on the reduction.
Court delays and uncertainty. Trials can be pushed back for months or years—delays that damage family life, stability, and mental health.

Real Pressures on the System

Lengthy trials, backlogs, and remand overcrowding have led many people—sometimes even innocent—to plead guilty just to escape prison. Some remand prisoners have been told they will be released immediately if they plead guilty, even if evidence is weak. This creates a system that unwittingly makes guilty pleas seem like the easiest path.

Can You Change Your Plea?

Yes—sometimes.

From Not Guilty to Guilty

Easy enough. You can change your plea to guilty at any point before the verdict. Judges typically allow it, and you may still receive some sentence reduction, depending on timing.

From Guilty to Not Guilty

This is harder—but possible in certain circumstances:

The court has judicial discretion to allow a plea withdrawal before sentencing, especially if:
- The plea was equivocal (uncertain, e.g., “Guilty, but…”)
- You can point to undue pressure or poor legal advice at the time
- There’s a serious procedural unfairness or new evidence emerges

However, the court treats such requests cautiously. The application must be made promptly and in writing, clearly explaining why keeping the guilty plea would be unjust. You’ll need legal support to make a strong case.

Compare Your Options

Plea	What It Means	Benefits	Risks
Guilty	Admit offence, go to sentencing	Sentence reduction; quicker release / lower punishment if not prison	Permanent record; loss of trial chance; emotional burden
Not Guilty	Contest the case, proceed to trial	Chance of acquittal; defend rights	Heavier sentence if convicted; long waits; uncertainty
Change Plea	Switch decisions based on counsel/advice	Flexibility if early	Hard to reverse plea; may need court’s say-so

Choosing your plea is one of the most serious decisions you’ll make in the process. It affects your freedom, your record, and your mental wellbeing—and indirectly affects your family and supporters too. You don’t have to face it alone. Getting specialist legal advice early is vital—they can help you understand your odds, the evidence, and what life on remand could look like while you’re waiting.

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How do I prepare for my trial at court?

Categories: Barristers Case Preperation Court Solicitors Support Trial Well Being

Why Preparation Matters

Facing trial is daunting. It can feel like your whole life is on hold while everyone else decides what happens next. While your legal team handles the paperwork, evidence, and arguments, there’s still plenty you can do to stay informed, organised, and ready.

Preparation isn’t about replacing your solicitor — it’s about making sure you understand what’s happening, know what’s coming next, and can support your defence in the best way possible.

Understanding What’s Ahead

Your trial will follow a structure, and knowing the basics helps reduce some of the fear:

The prosecution will present their case first.
Your defence team will challenge their evidence and present yours.
Witnesses may be called and cross-examined.
The magistrates or jury will decide if you’re guilty or not guilty.

Your solicitor or barrister will explain the details relevant to your case, but having a rough idea of the process can make things less overwhelming.

What You Can Do to Prepare

1. Stay Organised

Keep every document you receive — charge sheets, bail conditions, letters from your solicitor or the court.
Use a simple folder or binder and keep copies of everything in order.
Make a note of important dates, deadlines, and hearing times.

Even small slips — like missing a court date — can cause serious problems, so staying organised really helps.

2. Be Honest and Thorough with Your Legal Team

Your solicitor can only build a strong defence if they know everything. Even if something feels embarrassing, irrelevant, or damaging, tell them. Surprises in court rarely go well, and your team can’t defend what they don’t know about.

3. Think About Witnesses and Evidence

You don’t have to collect statements or prepare bundles — your legal team will handle that — but you can:

Make a list of anyone who was there, saw, or heard something relevant.
Pass on names, phone numbers, and what they might know to your solicitor.
Flag any texts, emails, or social media messages you think matter. Don’t delete anything.

Your job isn’t to analyse evidence; it’s to make sure your solicitor has all the information they need.

4. Prepare Yourself Mentally

Trials can be draining. The process is slow, the days are long, and you’ll likely hear things said about you that are upsetting or unfair.

Get plenty of rest beforehand if you can.
Bring water and snacks if allowed — trials can run all day.
Have someone you trust to talk to afterwards — family, friends, or a support group.
Consider accessing mental health support; the stress of waiting can take a real toll.

5. Support Your Family and Let Them Support You

If you have children, a partner, or family relying on you, talk to them early about what’s coming. Trials affect everyone — not just the defendant — and having a plan for childcare, bills, and emotional support can make a big difference.

Common Worries — And What to Do About Them

“I feel like I’m not getting updates.”
It’s okay to check in with your solicitor and ask for a clear breakdown of where things stand.

“I don’t understand what’s happening in court.”
Ask your legal team to explain things in plain English. They’re used to jargon — you’re not.

“I’m worried about what to say if I’m called to give evidence.”
Your solicitor or barrister will explain exactly what’s expected and prepare you before you step into the witness box.

Quick Checklist for Defendants

Keep all paperwork safe and organised.
Share every detail and document with your solicitor.
Write down witness names and pass them on — don’t contact witnesses yourself.
Note down all court dates and deadlines.
Prepare emotionally — trials can be long and stressful.
Talk openly with family and supporters.
Ask questions until you understand what’s happening.

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Legal Representation – Why Legal Representation Matters

Categories: Barristers Case Preperation Investigations Solicitors The Arrest Trial

Why Legal Representation Matters

Being arrested, questioned, or charged can feel overwhelming, and the choices you make early on can have lasting consequences. Having the right legal representation ensures your rights are protected and that you receive the strongest advice at every stage of the process.

A good solicitor will guide you through what’s happening, explain your options clearly, and make sure the police and prosecution follow proper procedure. Without specialist advice, people often make avoidable mistakes — especially in interviews or when making key decisions.

Free Legal Advice at the Police Station

Everyone in England and Wales has the right to free legal advice at the police station. This applies whether you’ve been arrested or are attending voluntarily. You should always ask for a solicitor before answering questions.

If you haven’t arranged your own, the police will provide access to a duty solicitor at no cost. They are independent of the police and there to protect your rights. However, duty solicitors often cover several clients at once and may only become involved just before your interview.

For many people, arranging your own solicitor provides more continuity, personal attention, and the chance to work with someone who already knows your case from the outset.

After Being Charged

If you’re charged with an offence, you’ll usually have access to means‑tested legal aid. This applies whether your case goes to the Magistrates’ Court or the Crown Court.

Even if you qualify for legal aid, you are not limited to the solicitor provided by the duty rota — you can choose your own representation. Some people still choose to fund representation privately at this stage because it can provide additional flexibility, resources, and faster access to senior lawyers or barristers.

Benefits of Private Representation

Private legal representation isn’t necessary for everyone, but it can offer several advantages, particularly in complex or serious cases:

Time and Focus – Privately funded solicitors often manage smaller caseloads, meaning more time is available to focus on your case.
Choice of Representation – You can choose a solicitor or firm with proven expertise in cases like yours rather than relying on whoever is available on the day.
Continuity – You’re more likely to have the same solicitor involved throughout the process, from initial advice to trial preparation.
Access to Expertise – Private funding gives greater flexibility to instruct highly experienced barristers, independent experts, and investigators where needed.
Responsive Support – Without the constraints of legal aid budgets, private solicitors can often act more quickly when new developments arise.

Choosing the Right Solicitor

Selecting the right solicitor is one of the most important decisions you’ll make. When deciding who to instruct, consider:

Specialism – Do they focus on criminal defence work?
Experience – Have they handled cases similar to yours?
Reputation – Are they known for being thorough, proactive, and approachable?
Resources – Do they have access to skilled barristers, experts, and investigators if your case needs them?

At The CJS Hub, we work alongside reputable firms who understand the complexities of the criminal justice system and provide high‑quality representation when it matters most.

Key Takeaways

Always ask for a solicitor as soon as possible — ideally before answering any police questions.
Free legal advice is available to everyone at the police station, regardless of your financial situation.
After being charged, legal aid may be available, but you can still choose your own solicitor.
Private representation can offer added focus, faster response times, and more flexibility — particularly useful for complex or high‑stakes cases.
Choosing a solicitor with the right experience and resources can make a significant difference to how your case is handled.

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Well Being (1)

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How do I prepare for my trial at court?

Categories: Barristers Case Preperation Court Solicitors Support Trial Well Being

Why Preparation Matters

Facing trial is daunting. It can feel like your whole life is on hold while everyone else decides what happens next. While your legal team handles the paperwork, evidence, and arguments, there’s still plenty you can do to stay informed, organised, and ready.

Preparation isn’t about replacing your solicitor — it’s about making sure you understand what’s happening, know what’s coming next, and can support your defence in the best way possible.

Understanding What’s Ahead

Your trial will follow a structure, and knowing the basics helps reduce some of the fear:

The prosecution will present their case first.
Your defence team will challenge their evidence and present yours.
Witnesses may be called and cross-examined.
The magistrates or jury will decide if you’re guilty or not guilty.

Your solicitor or barrister will explain the details relevant to your case, but having a rough idea of the process can make things less overwhelming.

What You Can Do to Prepare

1. Stay Organised

Keep every document you receive — charge sheets, bail conditions, letters from your solicitor or the court.
Use a simple folder or binder and keep copies of everything in order.
Make a note of important dates, deadlines, and hearing times.

Even small slips — like missing a court date — can cause serious problems, so staying organised really helps.

2. Be Honest and Thorough with Your Legal Team

Your solicitor can only build a strong defence if they know everything. Even if something feels embarrassing, irrelevant, or damaging, tell them. Surprises in court rarely go well, and your team can’t defend what they don’t know about.

3. Think About Witnesses and Evidence

You don’t have to collect statements or prepare bundles — your legal team will handle that — but you can:

Make a list of anyone who was there, saw, or heard something relevant.
Pass on names, phone numbers, and what they might know to your solicitor.
Flag any texts, emails, or social media messages you think matter. Don’t delete anything.

Your job isn’t to analyse evidence; it’s to make sure your solicitor has all the information they need.

4. Prepare Yourself Mentally

Trials can be draining. The process is slow, the days are long, and you’ll likely hear things said about you that are upsetting or unfair.

Get plenty of rest beforehand if you can.
Bring water and snacks if allowed — trials can run all day.
Have someone you trust to talk to afterwards — family, friends, or a support group.
Consider accessing mental health support; the stress of waiting can take a real toll.

5. Support Your Family and Let Them Support You

If you have children, a partner, or family relying on you, talk to them early about what’s coming. Trials affect everyone — not just the defendant — and having a plan for childcare, bills, and emotional support can make a big difference.

Common Worries — And What to Do About Them

“I feel like I’m not getting updates.”
It’s okay to check in with your solicitor and ask for a clear breakdown of where things stand.

“I don’t understand what’s happening in court.”
Ask your legal team to explain things in plain English. They’re used to jargon — you’re not.

“I’m worried about what to say if I’m called to give evidence.”
Your solicitor or barrister will explain exactly what’s expected and prepare you before you step into the witness box.

Quick Checklist for Defendants

Keep all paperwork safe and organised.
Share every detail and document with your solicitor.
Write down witness names and pass them on — don’t contact witnesses yourself.
Note down all court dates and deadlines.
Prepare emotionally — trials can be long and stressful.
Talk openly with family and supporters.
Ask questions until you understand what’s happening.

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Free Criminal Justice Guides

Acquital (1)

Deciding Whether to Plead Guilty or Not Guilty

What Happens When You Plead Guilty

What Happens When You Plead Not Guilty

Real Pressures on the System

Can You Change Your Plea?

From Not Guilty to Guilty

From Guilty to Not Guilty

Compare Your Options

Barristers (7)

Are there options when it comes to sentencing?

Sentencing Options Explained

Why Sentencing Happens

Discharge — No Punishment, But Still a Record

Fines

Community Orders

Suspended Sentences

Immediate Custody (Prison Sentences)

How it works in England & Wales:

Young People (Under 18)

Victim Surcharges, Costs & Compensation

How Courts Decide: Sentencing Guidelines

Practical Tips for Defendants & Families

Choosing A Solicitor – How do I choose a solicitor?

Legal Aid: What You Need to Know

Private Solicitors: What to Consider

How Legal Aid Actually Works — In Practice

Spotting a Poor or Ineffective Solicitor

Deciding Whether to Plead Guilty or Not Guilty

What Happens When You Plead Guilty

What Happens When You Plead Not Guilty

Real Pressures on the System

Can You Change Your Plea?

From Not Guilty to Guilty

From Guilty to Not Guilty

Compare Your Options

How do I prepare for my trial at court?

Why Preparation Matters

Understanding What’s Ahead

What You Can Do to Prepare

1. Stay Organised

2. Be Honest and Thorough with Your Legal Team

3. Think About Witnesses and Evidence

4. Prepare Yourself Mentally

5. Support Your Family and Let Them Support You

Common Worries — And What to Do About Them

Quick Checklist for Defendants

Legal Representation – Does legal representation matter?

Why Legal Representation Matters

Free Legal Advice at the Police Station

After Being Charged

Benefits of Private Representation

Choosing the Right Solicitor

Key Takeaways

Legal Representation – Why having a solicitor matters!

Free Legal Advice at the Police Station

After Being Charged

Benefits of Private Representation

Choosing the Right Solicitor

Key Takeaways

Legal Representation – Why Legal Representation Matters

Why Legal Representation Matters

Free Legal Advice at the Police Station

After Being Charged

Benefits of Private Representation

Choosing the Right Solicitor

Key Takeaways

Case Preperation (4)

Choosing A Solicitor – How do I choose a solicitor?

Legal Aid: What You Need to Know

Private Solicitors: What to Consider

How Legal Aid Actually Works — In Practice

Spotting a Poor or Ineffective Solicitor

Deciding Whether to Plead Guilty or Not Guilty

What Happens When You Plead Guilty

What Happens When You Plead Not Guilty

Real Pressures on the System

Can You Change Your Plea?

From Not Guilty to Guilty